This are the oldest known GNU GPL Free sources from 1987 with gcc-0.9, gdb, emacs, chess and utils

mooigraph a0f47a135f bison manual update vor 3 Jahren
binutils1988 70854e4e0f Even more C source from GNU 1985-1988 vor 3 Jahren
bison d3a6f70537 initial vor 3 Jahren
bison-1.00-recompiled 3ddfecfb34 added a re-compilation of GNU Bison 1 parser generator vor 3 Jahren
bison-1.01 3ddfecfb34 added a re-compilation of GNU Bison 1 parser generator vor 3 Jahren
bison-1.03 3ddfecfb34 added a re-compilation of GNU Bison 1 parser generator vor 3 Jahren
bison-1.10 3ddfecfb34 added a re-compilation of GNU Bison 1 parser generator vor 3 Jahren
bison-1.11 3ddfecfb34 added a re-compilation of GNU Bison 1 parser generator vor 3 Jahren
bison-1.14 3ddfecfb34 added a re-compilation of GNU Bison 1 parser generator vor 3 Jahren
bison-1.16 3ddfecfb34 added a re-compilation of GNU Bison 1 parser generator vor 3 Jahren
bison-1.18 3ddfecfb34 added a re-compilation of GNU Bison 1 parser generator vor 3 Jahren
bison-1.19 3ddfecfb34 added a re-compilation of GNU Bison 1 parser generator vor 3 Jahren
bison-1.19a 3ddfecfb34 added a re-compilation of GNU Bison 1 parser generator vor 3 Jahren
bison-1.20 3ddfecfb34 added a re-compilation of GNU Bison 1 parser generator vor 3 Jahren
bison-1.21 3ddfecfb34 added a re-compilation of GNU Bison 1 parser generator vor 3 Jahren
bison-1.21-8 3ddfecfb34 added a re-compilation of GNU Bison 1 parser generator vor 3 Jahren
bison-1.22 3ddfecfb34 added a re-compilation of GNU Bison 1 parser generator vor 3 Jahren
bison-1.22-A2.3 3ddfecfb34 added a re-compilation of GNU Bison 1 parser generator vor 3 Jahren
bison-1.24 3ddfecfb34 added a re-compilation of GNU Bison 1 parser generator vor 3 Jahren
bison-1.24-A2.6 3ddfecfb34 added a re-compilation of GNU Bison 1 parser generator vor 3 Jahren
bison-cn a0f47a135f bison manual update vor 3 Jahren
bison1988 70854e4e0f Even more C source from GNU 1985-1988 vor 3 Jahren
emacs-16.56 d3a6f70537 initial vor 3 Jahren
emacs18.41 725f3f2b6f added bison manual vor 3 Jahren
gas1989 3ddfecfb34 added a re-compilation of GNU Bison 1 parser generator vor 3 Jahren
gcc d3a6f70537 initial vor 3 Jahren
gdb d3a6f70537 initial vor 3 Jahren
gnu-bulletin d46086c143 added gnu bulletins vor 3 Jahren
gnu1988 d46086c143 added gnu bulletins vor 3 Jahren
gnuchess d3a6f70537 initial vor 3 Jahren
gnucmds d3a6f70537 initial vor 3 Jahren
malloc 2d36ee6c80 added gnu malloc vor 3 Jahren
vgalib 4a40ae002c update readme vor 3 Jahren
.gitignore 6192d6e41b Initial commit vor 3 Jahren
LICENSE 6192d6e41b Initial commit vor 3 Jahren
README.md 725f3f2b6f added bison manual vor 3 Jahren

README.md

gnu1987

This are the oldest known GNU GPL Free sources from 1987 with the whole toolchain including gcc-0.9, gdb, emacs, chess and utils

The work on GNU GPL Free Software started at Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST

The oldest files are from July 1984 in GNU Bison and emacs and in gas from 1985 : Mon Oct 14 14:01:29 1985

/*  
 *  
 *	$OBJRECDEF  
 *	Generated automatically by "vms_struct Version 1.00"  
 *	Created from VMS definition file "objrecdef.mar"  
 *	Mon Oct 14 14:01:29 1985  
 *  
 */  

Most of these Free Software Foundation C source is not on the servers from fsf.org itself

This has earliest versions of:
GNU GCC Compiler version 0.9
GNU G++ Compiler version 1.21
GNU Bison parser generator 1987
GNU Bison parser generator 1987 re-compiled in 2021 and working
GNU Bison parser generator 1988
GNU Bison parser generator versions not on fsf.org
GNU Bison parser generator chinese manual in bison-cn
GNU Chess program
GNU Emacs text editor from 1985
GNU GDB debugger
GNU utilities with awk, sed, ld, ls, vi and many more
GNU assembler and gdb
GNU binutils with ar, ld, ranlib and many more
GNU malloc from 1990

This can be recompiled and works with some work

The oldest file is in emacs of the year 1982

/*  
 * @(#)nmalloc.c 1 (Caltech) 2/21/82  
 *  
 *	U of M Modified: 20 Jun 1983 ACT: strange hacks for Emacs  
 *  
 *	Nov 1983, Mike@BRL, Added support for 4.1C/4.2 BSD.  
 *  
...  
 */   

The directory gnu1988 has GNU C++ version 1.21, GNU C version 0.9, GNU C version 1.21,
GNU Bison 1.0, GNU GDB 2.5.1 and GNU lib-g++ version 1.20

In directory gnu-bulletin are the GNU Bulletins including the first one

version.c in gas assembler has this special cooment

Thu Jan  1 00:00:00 1970  Dennis Ritchie  (dmr at alice)  
  
	* universe.c (temporal_reality): Began Time.  
   

See also the archive of Linux kernel sources and tools at oldinux.org

Also https://www.nic.funet.fi/index/gnu/funet/historical-funet-gnu-area-from-early-1990s/

The vgalib directory are the only vga routines for doing 16 color display drawing as used at boot screens