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- <div class="section" id="sifirdan-milis-linux-yapimi">
- <h1>Sıfırdan Milis Linux Yapımı<a class="headerlink" href="#sifirdan-milis-linux-yapimi" title="Bu başlığın kalıcı bağlantısı">¶</a></h1>
- <div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
- </div>
- <div class="admonition warning">
- <p class="admonition-title">Uyarı</p>
- <p>Test aşamasındadır. Lütfen kullanmayınız!</p>
- </div>
- <ol class="arabic simple" start="0">
- <li><p>Önsistemi oluşturmak için gerekli paketler kurulur:</p></li>
- </ol>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Milis</span>
- mps kur lua <span class="o">(</span>luafileystem kaynak kodundan derlenecek.<span class="o">)</span>
- <span class="c1"># ------------------------</span>
- <span class="c1"># Arch</span>
- pacman -S base-devel
- pacman -S bison
- pacman -S libarchive
- pacman -S lua
- pacman -S lzip
- pacman -S squashfs-tools
- pacman -S xorriso
- <span class="c1"># ------------------------</span>
- <span class="c1"># Ubuntu ve türevleri için</span>
- apt install build-essential
- apt install bison
- apt install bsdtar
- apt install lua5.3
- apt install liblua5.3
- apt install lzip
- apt install squashfs-tools
- apt install xorriso
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <ol class="arabic simple">
- <li><p>Yetkili komut satırına geçerek Milis LFS kullanıcı dizinlerini ayarlanır:</p></li>
- </ol>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo su
- groupadd mlfs
- useradd -s /bin/bash -g mlfs -m -k /dev/null mlfs
- passwd mlfs
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <ol class="arabic simple" start="2">
- <li><p>Milis 2.0 deposu klonlanıp önsistem için gerekli dizinler oluşturulur:</p></li>
- </ol>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>git clone https://notabug.org/milislinux/milis19 /home/mlfs/milis
- git clone https://notabug.org/milislinux/mps /home/mlfs/mps
- cp /home/mlfs/milis/bashrc-onsistem.temp /home/mlfs/.bashrc
- cp /home/mlfs/milis/bash_profile.temp /home/mlfs/.bash_profile
- mkdir -p /home/mlfs/<span class="o">{</span>onsistem,sources<span class="o">}</span>
- mkdir -p /home/mlfs/onsistem/tools
- ln -sv /home/mlfs/onsistem/tools /
- ln -sv /home/mlfs/sources /
- chown -R mlfs:mlfs /home/mlfs
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <ol class="arabic simple" start="3">
- <li><p>Önsistemi oluşturmayı başlatmak için mlfs kullanıcısıyla giriş yapılır:</p></li>
- </ol>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>su - mlfs
- <span class="nb">source</span> ~/.bash_profile
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <ol class="arabic simple" start="4">
- <li><p>İzin ve ortam değişkenleri kontrol edilir:</p></li>
- </ol>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>mlfs@makine1:~$ ls -al
- drwxr-xr-x <span class="m">7</span> mlfs mlfs <span class="m">4096</span> May <span class="m">5</span> <span class="m">15</span>:09 .
- drwxr-xr-x <span class="m">4</span> root root <span class="m">4096</span> May <span class="m">5</span> <span class="m">14</span>:32 ..
- -rw------- <span class="m">1</span> mlfs mlfs <span class="m">166</span> May <span class="m">5</span> <span class="m">15</span>:17 .bash_history
- -rw-r--r-- <span class="m">1</span> mlfs mlfs <span class="m">59</span> May <span class="m">5</span> <span class="m">14</span>:55 .bash_profile
- -rwxr-xr-x <span class="m">1</span> mlfs mlfs <span class="m">327</span> May <span class="m">5</span> <span class="m">15</span>:17 .bashrc
- drwxr-xr-x <span class="m">4</span> mlfs mlfs <span class="m">4096</span> May <span class="m">5</span> <span class="m">15</span>:15 milis
- drwxr-xr-x <span class="m">2</span> mlfs mlfs <span class="m">4096</span> May <span class="m">5</span> <span class="m">15</span>:06 mps
- drwxr-xr-x <span class="m">3</span> mlfs mlfs <span class="m">4096</span> May <span class="m">5</span> <span class="m">15</span>:06 onsistem
- drwxr-xr-x <span class="m">2</span> mlfs mlfs <span class="m">4096</span> May <span class="m">5</span> <span class="m">15</span>:09 sources
- mlfs@makine1:~$ <span class="nb">export</span>
- <span class="nb">declare</span> -x <span class="nv">HOME</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"/home/mlfs"</span>
- <span class="nb">declare</span> -x <span class="nv">LC_ALL</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"POSIX"</span>
- <span class="nb">declare</span> -x <span class="nv">MILIS_HOME</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"/home/mlfs"</span>
- <span class="nb">declare</span> -x <span class="nv">MILIS_REPO</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"/home/mlfs/milis"</span>
- <span class="nb">declare</span> -x <span class="nv">MPS_NOROOT</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"yes"</span>
- <span class="nb">declare</span> -x <span class="nv">MPS_PATH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"/home/mlfs/mps"</span>
- <span class="nb">declare</span> -x OLDPWD
- <span class="nb">declare</span> -x <span class="nv">ONSISTEM_CHROOT</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"/home/mlfs/onsistem"</span>
- <span class="nb">declare</span> -x <span class="nv">ONSISTEM_TARGET</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"x86_64-milis-linux-gnu"</span>
- <span class="nb">declare</span> -x <span class="nv">PATH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"/home/mlfs/mps/bin:/tools/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin"</span>
- <span class="nb">declare</span> -x <span class="nv">PS1</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"\${debian_chroot:+(\$debian_chroot)}\\u@\\h:\\w\\\$ "</span>
- <span class="nb">declare</span> -x <span class="nv">PWD</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"/home/mlfs"</span>
- <span class="nb">declare</span> -x <span class="nv">SHLVL</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"1"</span>
- <span class="nb">declare</span> -x <span class="nv">TALIMATNAME</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"/home/mlfs/milis/talimatname"</span>
- <span class="nb">declare</span> -x <span class="nv">TERM</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"screen"</span>
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <ol class="arabic simple" start="5">
- <li><p>MPS önsistem için hazırlanıp, kontrol edilir:</p></li>
- </ol>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">cd</span> ~/mps
- bash derle.sh
- mlfs@makine1:~/mps$ mps.lua -v
- MPS <span class="m">2</span>.0.0 - Milis Paket Sistemi milisarge@gmail.com
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <ol class="arabic simple" start="6">
- <li><p>Önsistem derlenmeye başlanır:</p></li>
- </ol>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">cd</span> ~/milis
- ./01-onsistem.sh
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <div class="admonition note">
- <p class="admonition-title">Not</p>
- <p>Sertifika ilgili bir hata oluşursa,</p>
- <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">export</span> <span class="n">WGET_GENEL_PARAM</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"--no-check-certificate"</span>
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <p>komutu derlemeden önce verilerek sertifika denetimi kapatılabilir.</p>
- </div>
- <p>7. Önsistem derlemesi Lua ile bittiğinde ve ‘talimatname/0/order’ dosyası içindeki paketlerin kurulduğundan
- emin olunduktan sonra önsistem sıkıştırılarak yedeklenir:</p>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>./onsistem_sfs.sh
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <ol class="arabic simple" start="8">
- <li><p>Temel sistem paketlerinin hazırlanması için yeni derleme ortamına girilir:</p></li>
- </ol>
- <div class="admonition note">
- <p class="admonition-title">Not</p>
- <p>Temel sistem üretimi ertlenmek veya sfs kullanarak yapılmak istenirse:</p>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>unsquashfs onsistem-tarih-saat-degeri.sfs
- mv squashfs-root <span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">ONSISTEM_CHROOT</span><span class="si">}</span>
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <p>Buradan sonraki işlemler sudo yetkileri ile yapılmalıdır:</p>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">exit</span>
- <span class="nb">cd</span> /home/mlfs/milis
- sudo su
- bash --rcfile ../.bashrc
- ./02-enter-chroot-tools
- <span class="c1"># aşağıdaki çıktıyı görmeniz gerekir.</span>
- Chroot ortamı bağlanıyor...
- mount: /dev bound on /home/mlfs/onsistem/dev.
- mount: devpts mounted on /home/mlfs/onsistem/dev/pts.
- mount: proc mounted on /home/mlfs/onsistem/proc.
- mount: sysfs mounted on /home/mlfs/onsistem/sys.
- mount: tmpfs mounted on /home/mlfs/onsistem/run.
- temel sistem talimatları kopyalandı.
- <span class="s1">'/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt'</span> -> <span class="s1">'/home/mlfs/onsistem/tools/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt'</span>
- <span class="s1">'/etc/resolv.conf'</span> -> <span class="s1">'/home/mlfs/onsistem/tools/etc/resolv.conf'</span>
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <ol class="arabic simple" start="9">
- <li><p>Temel sistem içine girildikten sonra ulaşılması gereken komut satırı:</p></li>
- </ol>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">(</span>temel<span class="o">)</span> I have no name!:/#
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <ol class="arabic simple" start="10">
- <li><p>Gerekli betikler çağrılarak sistem hazırlanmaya başlanır:</p></li>
- </ol>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">(</span>temel<span class="o">)</span> I have no name!:/# <span class="m">03</span>-temel-dosya-sistemi-hazirla
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <div class="admonition note">
- <p class="admonition-title">Not</p>
- <p>Bu aşamada ulaşılması gerek komut satırı bu şekildedir:</p>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>bash-5.0#
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>bash-5.0# <span class="m">04</span>-mps-hazirla
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <p>Bu aşamada mps’in doğru sürümünün kurulu olduğunu test etmek için:</p>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>bash-5.0# mps.lua -v
- MPS <span class="m">2</span>.0.0 - Milis Paket Sistemi milisarge@gmail.com
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>bash-5.0# <span class="m">05</span>-temel-sistemi-derle.sh
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <p>Bash derlenip kurulduktan sonra aşağıdaki çıktı ile derleme duracaktır:</p>
- <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># bash_refresh komutu verip tekrar devam edin!</span>
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <p>Aşağıdaki komut verilerek, derleme yeni bash ile kaldığı yerden devam edecektir:</p>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>bash-5.0# bash_refresh
- bash-5.0# <span class="m">05</span>-temel-sistemi-derle.sh
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <div class="admonition note">
- <p class="admonition-title">Not</p>
- <p>Yeni bash ten sonra ortamdan çıkma durumu olursa yeniden ortam girmek için:</p>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>./02.1-enter-chroot
- bash-5.0# <span class="m">05</span>-temel-sistemi-derle.sh
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <ol class="arabic simple" start="11">
- <li><p>Canlı(Live) imajda kullanmak üzere initramfs üretilir:</p></li>
- </ol>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>dracut -N --force --xz --add <span class="s1">'dmsquash-live pollcdrom'</span> --omit systemd /boot/initramfs_live <span class="sb">`</span>ls /usr/lib/modules<span class="sb">`</span>
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <ol class="arabic simple" start="12">
- <li><p>Temel sistem derlemesi bittikten sonra derleme logları ve temel sistem incelenir:</p></li>
- </ol>
- <p>Aşağıdaki komutların çıktıları olmamalı:</p>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>bash-5.0# grep -l <span class="s1">'compilation terminated'</span> /tmp/*.log
- bash-5.0# grep -l <span class="s1">'.h: No such file or directory'</span> /tmp/*.log
- find /var/lib/mps -name kurulan -size <span class="m">0</span>
- <span class="c1"># kırık linklerin kontrolü</span>
- rm -rf /tools
- find /usr -xtype l
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <p>Aşağıdaki komutun çıktısı ise ‘TM’ olmalı:</p>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">[</span> <span class="sb">`</span>ls /var/lib/mps/db <span class="p">|</span> wc -l<span class="sb">`</span> -eq <span class="sb">`</span>cat /usr/milis/talimatname/1/order <span class="p">|</span> wc -l<span class="sb">`</span> <span class="o">]</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"TM"</span>
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <ol class="arabic simple" start="13">
- <li><p>Canlı imajda kullanmak üzere root şifresi oluşturulur: (Öntanımlı <strong>toor</strong>)</p></li>
- </ol>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>passwd
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <ol class="arabic simple" start="14">
- <li><p>Temel sistem gereksiz dosyalardan arındırılır ve sfs yedeklenir:</p></li>
- </ol>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">exit</span>
- <span class="nb">cd</span> /home/mlfs/milis
- ./temel_sfs.sh
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <ol class="arabic simple" start="15">
- <li><p>Güncel MPS yüklenir ve gerekli ayarlamalar yapılır:</p></li>
- </ol>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>cp onsistem/etc/bash.bashrc onsistem/root/.bashrc
- <span class="nb">cd</span> /home/mlfs/mps
- git pull
- <span class="nb">cd</span> /home/mlfs
- rm -rf onsistem/usr/milis/mps
- cp -rf mps onsistem/usr/milis/
- <span class="c1"># **temel sistemin içine tekrar gireriz**</span>
- ./02.1-enter-chroot
- <span class="o">(</span>temel<span class="o">)</span> root:/# <span class="nb">cd</span> /usr/milis/mps
- <span class="o">(</span>temel<span class="o">)</span> root:/# <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"export MPS_PATH=/usr/milis/mps"</span> >> /root/.bashrc
- <span class="o">(</span>temel<span class="o">)</span> root:/# <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:\$MPS_PATH/bin"</span> >> /root/.bashrc
- <span class="o">(</span>temel<span class="o">)</span> root:/# <span class="nb">source</span> /root/.bashrc
- <span class="o">(</span>temel<span class="o">)</span> root:/# sh derle.sh
- <span class="c1"># sürüm numarası alınarak MPS kurulum doğrulanır.</span>
- <span class="c1"># mps -v</span>
- <span class="m">2</span>.0.0
- <span class="c1"># bashrc profile kopyalanarak chroot ortamdan çıkış yapılır.</span>
- cp /root/.bashrc /etc/profile
- <span class="nb">exit</span>
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- <ol class="arabic simple" start="16">
- <li><p>İmaj üreticinin kullanılarak temel canlı imajın üretilmesi:</p></li>
- </ol>
- <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">cd</span> /home/mlfs
- git clone https://notabug.org/milislinux/imaj-uretici-2
- <span class="nb">cd</span> imaj-uretici-2
- ./iso_olustur.sh
- </pre></div>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
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