guix/guix/read-print.scm

;;; GNU Guix --- Functional package management for GNU
;;; Copyright © 2021-2022 Ludovic Courtès <ludo@gnu.org>
;;;
;;; This file is part of GNU Guix.
;;;
;;; GNU Guix is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
;;; under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
;;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at
;;; your option) any later version.
;;;
;;; GNU Guix is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
;;; WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
;;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
;;; GNU General Public License for more details.
;;;
;;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
;;; along with GNU Guix.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

(define-module (guix read-print)
  #:use-module (ice-9 control)
  #:use-module (ice-9 match)
  #:use-module (ice-9 rdelim)
  #:use-module (ice-9 vlist)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-1)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-26)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-34)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-35)
  #:use-module (guix i18n)
  #:use-module ((guix diagnostics)
                #:select (formatted-message
                          &fix-hint &error-location
                          location))
  #:export (pretty-print-with-comments
            pretty-print-with-comments/splice
            read-with-comments
            read-with-comments/sequence
            object->string*

            blank?

            vertical-space
            vertical-space?
            vertical-space-height
            canonicalize-vertical-space

            page-break
            page-break?

            comment
            comment?
            comment->string
            comment-margin?
            canonicalize-comment))

;;; Commentary:
;;;
;;; This module provides a comment-preserving reader and a comment-preserving
;;; pretty-printer smarter than (ice-9 pretty-print).
;;;
;;; Code:


;;;
;;; Comment-preserving reader.
;;;

(define <blank>
  ;; The parent class for "blanks".
  (make-record-type '<blank> '()
                    (lambda (obj port)
                      (format port "#<blank ~a>"
                              (number->string (object-address obj) 16)))
                    #:extensible? #t))

(define blank? (record-predicate <blank>))

(define <vertical-space>
  (make-record-type '<vertical-space> '(height)
                    #:parent <blank>
                    #:extensible? #f))

(define vertical-space?       (record-predicate <vertical-space>))
(define vertical-space        (record-type-constructor <vertical-space>))
(define vertical-space-height (record-accessor <vertical-space> 'height))

(define canonicalize-vertical-space
  (let ((unit (vertical-space 1)))
    (lambda (space)
      "Return a vertical space corresponding to a single blank line."
      unit)))

(define <page-break>
  (make-record-type '<page-break> '()
                    #:parent <blank>
                    #:extensible? #f))

(define page-break?           (record-predicate <page-break>))
(define page-break
  (let ((break ((record-type-constructor <page-break>))))
    (lambda ()
      break)))


(define <comment>
  ;; Comments.
  (make-record-type '<comment> '(str margin?)
                    #:parent <blank>
                    #:extensible? #f))

(define comment?        (record-predicate <comment>))
(define string->comment (record-type-constructor <comment>))
(define comment->string (record-accessor <comment> 'str))
(define comment-margin? (record-accessor <comment> 'margin?))

(define* (comment str #:optional margin?)
  "Return a new comment made from STR.  When MARGIN? is true, return a margin
comment; otherwise return a line comment.  STR must start with a semicolon and
end with newline, otherwise an error is raised."
  (when (or (string-null? str)
            (not (eqv? #\; (string-ref str 0)))
            (not (string-suffix? "\n" str)))
    (raise (condition
            (&message (message "invalid comment string")))))
  (string->comment str margin?))

(define char-set:whitespace-sans-page-break
  ;; White space, excluding #\page.
  (char-set-difference char-set:whitespace (char-set #\page)))

(define (space? chr)
  "Return true if CHR is white space, except for page breaks."
  (char-set-contains? char-set:whitespace-sans-page-break chr))

(define (read-vertical-space port)
  "Read from PORT until a non-vertical-space character is met, and return a
single <vertical-space> record."
  (let loop ((height 1))
    (match (read-char port)
      (#\newline (loop (+ 1 height)))
      ((? eof-object?) (vertical-space height))
      ((? space?) (loop height))
      (chr (unread-char chr port) (vertical-space height)))))

(define (read-until-end-of-line port)
  "Read white space from PORT until the end of line, included."
  (let loop ()
    (match (read-char port)
      (#\newline #t)
      ((? eof-object?) #t)
      ((? space?) (loop))
      (chr (unread-char chr port)))))

(define* (read-with-comments port #:key (blank-line? #t))
  "Like 'read', but include <blank> objects when they're encountered.  When
BLANK-LINE? is true, assume PORT is at the beginning of a new line."
  ;; Note: Instead of implementing this functionality in 'read' proper, which
  ;; is the best approach long-term, this code is a layer on top of 'read',
  ;; such that we don't have to rely on a specific Guile version.
  (define dot (list 'dot))
  (define (dot? x) (eq? x dot))

  (define (missing-closing-paren-error)
    (raise (make-compound-condition
            (formatted-message (G_ "unexpected end of file"))
            (condition
             (&error-location
              (location (match (port-filename port)
                          (#f #f)
                          (file (location file
                                          (port-line port)
                                          (port-column port))))))
             (&fix-hint
              (hint (G_ "Did you forget a closing parenthesis?")))))))

  (define (reverse/dot lst)
    ;; Reverse LST and make it an improper list if it contains DOT.
    (let loop ((result '())
               (lst lst))
      (match lst
        (() result)
        (((? dot?) . rest)
         (let ((dotted (reverse rest)))
           (set-cdr! (last-pair dotted) (car result))
           dotted))
        ((x . rest) (loop (cons x result) rest)))))

  (let loop ((blank-line? blank-line?)
             (return (const 'unbalanced)))
    (match (read-char port)
      ((? eof-object? eof)
       eof)                                       ;oops!
      (chr
       (cond ((eqv? chr #\newline)
              (if blank-line?
                  (read-vertical-space port)
                  (loop #t return)))
             ((eqv? chr #\page)
              ;; Assume that a page break is on a line of its own and read
              ;; subsequent white space and newline.
              (read-until-end-of-line port)
              (page-break))
             ((char-set-contains? char-set:whitespace chr)
              (loop blank-line? return))
             ((memv chr '(#\( #\[))
              (let/ec return
                (let liip ((lst '()))
                  (define item
                    (loop (match lst
                            (((? blank?) . _) #t)
                            (_ #f))
                          (lambda ()
                            (return (reverse/dot lst)))))
                  (if (eof-object? item)
                      (missing-closing-paren-error)
                      (liip (cons item lst))))))
             ((memv chr '(#\) #\]))
              (return))
             ((eq? chr #\')
              (list 'quote (loop #f return)))
             ((eq? chr #\`)
              (list 'quasiquote (loop #f return)))
             ((eq? chr #\,)
              (list (match (peek-char port)
                      (#\@
                       (read-char port)
                       'unquote-splicing)
                      (_
                       'unquote))
                    (loop #f return)))
             ((eqv? chr #\;)
              (unread-char chr port)
              (string->comment (read-line port 'concat)
                               (not blank-line?)))
             (else
              (unread-char chr port)
              (match (read port)
                ((and token '#{.}#)
                 (if (eq? chr #\.) dot token))
                (token token))))))))

(define (read-with-comments/sequence port)
  "Read from PORT until the end-of-file is reached and return the list of
expressions and blanks that were read."
  (let loop ((lst '())
             (blank-line? #t))
    (match (read-with-comments port #:blank-line? blank-line?)
      ((? eof-object?)
       (reverse! lst))
      ((? blank? blank)
       (loop (cons blank lst) #t))
      (exp
       (loop (cons exp lst) #f)))))


;;;
;;; Comment-preserving pretty-printer.
;;;

(define-syntax vhashq
  (syntax-rules (quote)
    ((_) vlist-null)
    ((_ (key (quote (lst ...))) rest ...)
     (vhash-consq key '(lst ...) (vhashq rest ...)))
    ((_ (key value) rest ...)
     (vhash-consq key '((() . value)) (vhashq rest ...)))))

(define %special-forms
  ;; Forms that are indented specially.  The number is meant to be understood
  ;; like Emacs' 'scheme-indent-function' symbol property.  When given an
  ;; alist instead of a number, the alist gives "context" in which the symbol
  ;; is a special form; for instance, context (modify-phases) means that the
  ;; symbol must appear within a (modify-phases ...) expression.
  (vhashq
   ('begin 1)
   ('case 2)
   ('cond 1)
   ('lambda 2)
   ('lambda* 2)
   ('match-lambda 1)
   ('match-lambda* 2)
   ('define 2)
   ('define* 2)
   ('define-public 2)
   ('define*-public 2)
   ('define-syntax 2)
   ('define-syntax-rule 2)
   ('define-module 2)
   ('define-gexp-compiler 2)
   ('let 2)
   ('let* 2)
   ('letrec 2)
   ('letrec* 2)
   ('match 2)
   ('when 2)
   ('unless 2)
   ('package 1)
   ('origin 1)
   ('modify-inputs 2)
   ('modify-phases 2)
   ('add-after '(((modify-phases) . 3)))
   ('add-before '(((modify-phases) . 3)))
   ('replace '(((modify-phases) . 2)))         ;different from 'modify-inputs'
   ('substitute* 2)
   ('substitute-keyword-arguments 2)
   ('call-with-input-file 2)
   ('call-with-output-file 2)
   ('with-output-to-file 2)
   ('with-input-from-file 2)
   ('with-directory-excursion 2)

   ;; (gnu system) and (gnu services).
   ('operating-system 1)
   ('bootloader-configuration 1)
   ('mapped-device 1)
   ('file-system 1)
   ('swap-space 1)
   ('user-account 1)
   ('user-group 1)
   ('setuid-program 1)
   ('modify-services 2)

   ;; (gnu home).
   ('home-environment 1)))

(define %newline-forms
  ;; List heads that must be followed by a newline.  The second argument is
  ;; the context in which they must appear.  This is similar to a special form
  ;; of 1, except that indent is 1 instead of 2 columns.
  (vhashq
   ('arguments '(package))
   ('sha256 '(origin source package))
   ('base32 '(sha256 origin))
   ('git-reference '(uri origin source))
   ('search-paths '(package))
   ('native-search-paths '(package))
   ('search-path-specification '())

   ('services '(operating-system))
   ('set-xorg-configuration '())
   ('services '(home-environment))
   ('home-bash-configuration '(service))))

(define (prefix? candidate lst)
  "Return true if CANDIDATE is a prefix of LST."
  (let loop ((candidate candidate)
             (lst lst))
    (match candidate
      (() #t)
      ((head1 . rest1)
       (match lst
         (() #f)
         ((head2 . rest2)
          (and (equal? head1 head2)
               (loop rest1 rest2))))))))

(define (special-form-lead symbol context)
  "If SYMBOL is a special form in the given CONTEXT, return its number of
arguments; otherwise return #f.  CONTEXT is a stack of symbols lexically
surrounding SYMBOL."
  (match (vhash-assq symbol %special-forms)
    (#f #f)
    ((_ . alist)
     (any (match-lambda
            ((prefix . level)
             (and (prefix? prefix context) (- level 1))))
          alist))))

(define (newline-form? symbol context)
  "Return true if parenthesized expressions starting with SYMBOL must be
followed by a newline."
  (let ((matches (vhash-foldq* cons '() symbol %newline-forms)))
    (find (cut prefix? <> context)
          matches)))

(define (escaped-string str)
  "Return STR with backslashes and double quotes escaped.  Everything else, in
particular newlines, is left as is."
  (list->string
   `(#\"
     ,@(string-fold-right (lambda (chr lst)
                            (match chr
                              (#\" (cons* #\\ #\" lst))
                              (#\\ (cons* #\\ #\\ lst))
                              (_   (cons chr lst))))
                          '()
                          str)
     #\")))

(define %natural-whitespace-string-forms
  ;; When a string has one of these forms as its parent, only double quotes
  ;; and backslashes are escaped; newlines, tabs, etc. are left as-is.
  '(synopsis description G_ N_))

(define (printed-string str context)
  "Return the read syntax for STR depending on CONTEXT."
  (match context
    (()
     (object->string str))
    ((head . _)
     (if (memq head %natural-whitespace-string-forms)
         (escaped-string str)
         (object->string str)))))

(define (string-width str)
  "Return the \"width\" of STR--i.e., the width of the longest line of STR."
  (apply max (map string-length (string-split str #\newline))))

(define (canonicalize-comment comment indent)
  "Canonicalize COMMENT, which is to be printed at INDENT, ensuring it has the
\"right\" number of leading semicolons."
  (if (zero? indent)
      comment                              ;leave top-level comments unchanged
      (let ((line (string-trim-both
                   (string-trim (comment->string comment) (char-set #\;)))))
        (string->comment (string-append
                          (if (comment-margin? comment)
                              ";"
                              (if (string-null? line)
                                  ";;"            ;no trailing space
                                  ";; "))
                          line "\n")
                         (comment-margin? comment)))))

(define %not-newline
  (char-set-complement (char-set #\newline)))

(define (print-multi-line-comment str indent port)
  "Print to PORT STR as a multi-line comment, with INDENT spaces preceding
each line except the first one (they're assumed to be already there)."

  ;; While 'read-with-comments' only returns one-line comments, user-provided
  ;; comments might span multiple lines, which is why this is necessary.
  (let loop ((lst (string-tokenize str %not-newline)))
    (match lst
      (() #t)
      ((last)
       (display last port)
       (newline port))
      ((head tail ...)
       (display head port)
       (newline port)
       (display (make-string indent #\space) port)
       (loop tail)))))

(define %integer-forms
  ;; Forms that take an integer as their argument, where said integer should
  ;; be printed in base other than decimal base.
  (letrec-syntax ((vhashq (syntax-rules ()
                            ((_) vlist-null)
                            ((_ (key value) rest ...)
                             (vhash-consq key value (vhashq rest ...))))))
    (vhashq
     ('chmod 8)
     ('umask 8)
     ('mkdir 8)
     ('mkstemp 8)
     ('logand 16)
     ('logior 16)
     ('logxor 16)
     ('lognot 16))))

(define (integer->string integer context)
  "Render INTEGER as a string using a base suitable based on CONTEXT."
  (define (form-base form)
    (match (vhash-assq form %integer-forms)
      (#f 10)
      ((_ . base) base)))

  (define (octal? form)
    (= 8 (form-base form)))

  (define base
    (match context
      ((head . tail)
       (match (form-base head)
         (8 8)
         (16 (if (any octal? tail) 8 16))
         (10 10)))
      (_ 10)))

  (string-append (match base
                   (10 "")
                   (16 "#x")
                   (8  "#o"))
                 (number->string integer base)))

(define* (pretty-print-with-comments port obj
                                     #:key
                                     (format-comment
                                      (lambda (comment indent) comment))
                                     (format-vertical-space identity)
                                     (indent 0)
                                     (max-width 78)
                                     (long-list 5))
  "Pretty-print OBJ to PORT, attempting to at most MAX-WIDTH character columns
and assuming the current column is INDENT.  Comments present in OBJ are
included in the output.

Lists longer than LONG-LIST are written as one element per line.  Comments are
passed through FORMAT-COMMENT before being emitted; a useful value for
FORMAT-COMMENT is 'canonicalize-comment'.  Vertical space is passed through
FORMAT-VERTICAL-SPACE; a useful value of 'canonicalize-vertical-space'."
  (define (list-of-lists? head tail)
    ;; Return true if HEAD and TAIL denote a list of lists--e.g., a list of
    ;; 'let' bindings.
    (match head
      ((thing _ ...)                              ;proper list
       (and (not (memq thing
                       '(quote quasiquote unquote unquote-splicing)))
            (pair? tail)))
      (_ #f)))

  (let loop ((indent indent)
             (column indent)
             (delimited? #t)                  ;true if comes after a delimiter
             (context '())                    ;list of "parent" symbols
             (obj obj))
    (define (print-sequence context indent column lst delimited?)
      (define long?
        (> (length lst) long-list))

      (let print ((lst lst)
                  (first? #t)
                  (delimited? delimited?)
                  (column column))
        (match lst
          (()
           column)
          ((item . tail)
           (define newline?
             ;; Insert a newline if ITEM is itself a list, or if TAIL is long,
             ;; but only if ITEM is not the first item.  Also insert a newline
             ;; before a keyword.
             (and (or (pair? item) long?
                      (and (keyword? item)
                           (not (eq? item #:allow-other-keys))))
                  (not first?) (not delimited?)
                  (not (blank? item))))

           (when newline?
             (newline port)
             (display (make-string indent #\space) port))
           (let ((column (if newline? indent column)))
             (print tail
                    (keyword? item)      ;keep #:key value next to one another
                    (blank? item)
                    (loop indent column
                          (or newline? delimited?)
                          context
                          item)))))))

    (define (sequence-would-protrude? indent lst)
      ;; Return true if elements of LST written at INDENT would protrude
      ;; beyond MAX-WIDTH.  This is implemented as a cheap test with false
      ;; negatives to avoid actually rendering all of LST.
      (find (match-lambda
              ((? string? str)
               (>= (+ (string-width str) 2 indent) max-width))
              ((? symbol? symbol)
               (>= (+ (string-width (symbol->string symbol)) indent)
                   max-width))
              ((? boolean?)
               (>= (+ 2 indent) max-width))
              (()
               (>= (+ 2 indent) max-width))
              (_                                  ;don't know
               #f))
            lst))

    (define (special-form? head)
      (special-form-lead head context))

    (match obj
      ((? comment? comment)
       (if (comment-margin? comment)
           (begin
             (display " " port)
             (display (comment->string (format-comment comment indent))
                      port))
           (begin
             ;; When already at the beginning of a line, for example because
             ;; COMMENT follows a margin comment, no need to emit a newline.
             (unless (= column indent)
               (newline port)
               (display (make-string indent #\space) port))
             (print-multi-line-comment (comment->string
                                        (format-comment comment indent))
                                       indent port)))
       (display (make-string indent #\space) port)
       indent)
      ((? vertical-space? space)
       (unless delimited? (newline port))
       (let loop ((i (vertical-space-height (format-vertical-space space))))
         (unless (zero? i)
           (newline port)
           (loop (- i 1))))
       (display (make-string indent #\space) port)
       indent)
      ((? page-break?)
       (unless delimited? (newline port))
       (display #\page port)
       (newline port)
       (display (make-string indent #\space) port)
       indent)
      (('quote lst)
       (unless delimited? (display " " port))
       (display "'" port)
       (loop indent (+ column (if delimited? 1 2)) #t context lst))
      (('quasiquote lst)
       (unless delimited? (display " " port))
       (display "`" port)
       (loop indent (+ column (if delimited? 1 2)) #t context lst))
      (('unquote lst)
       (unless delimited? (display " " port))
       (display "," port)
       (loop indent (+ column (if delimited? 1 2)) #t context lst))
      (('unquote-splicing lst)
       (unless delimited? (display " " port))
       (display ",@" port)
       (loop indent (+ column (if delimited? 2 3)) #t context lst))
      (('gexp lst)
       (unless delimited? (display " " port))
       (display "#~" port)
       (loop indent (+ column (if delimited? 2 3)) #t context lst))
      (('ungexp obj)
       (unless delimited? (display " " port))
       (display "#$" port)
       (loop indent (+ column (if delimited? 2 3)) #t context obj))
      (('ungexp-native obj)
       (unless delimited? (display " " port))
       (display "#+" port)
       (loop indent (+ column (if delimited? 2 3)) #t context obj))
      (('ungexp-splicing lst)
       (unless delimited? (display " " port))
       (display "#$@" port)
       (loop indent (+ column (if delimited? 3 4)) #t context lst))
      (('ungexp-native-splicing lst)
       (unless delimited? (display " " port))
       (display "#+@" port)
       (loop indent (+ column (if delimited? 3 4)) #t context lst))
      (((? special-form? head) arguments ...)
       ;; Special-case 'let', 'lambda', 'modify-inputs', etc. so the second
       ;; and following arguments are less indented.
       (let* ((lead    (special-form-lead head context))
              (context (cons head context))
              (head    (symbol->string head))
              (total   (length arguments)))
         (unless delimited? (display " " port))
         (display "(" port)
         (display head port)
         (unless (zero? lead)
           (display " " port))

         ;; Print the first LEAD arguments.
         (let* ((indent (+ column 2
                                  (if delimited? 0 1)))
                (column (+ column 1
                                  (if (zero? lead) 0 1)
                                  (if delimited? 0 1)
                                  (string-length head)))
                (initial-indent column))
           (define new-column
             (let inner ((n lead)
                         (arguments (take arguments (min lead total)))
                         (column column))
               (if (zero? n)
                   (begin
                     (newline port)
                     (display (make-string indent #\space) port)
                     indent)
                   (match arguments
                     (() column)
                     ((head . tail)
                      (inner (- n 1) tail
                             (loop initial-indent column
                                   (= n lead)
                                   context
                                   head)))))))

           ;; Print the remaining arguments.
           (let ((column (print-sequence
                          context indent new-column
                          (drop arguments (min lead total))
                          #t)))
             (display ")" port)
             (+ column 1)))))
      ((head tail ...)
       (let* ((overflow? (>= column max-width))
              (column    (if overflow?
                             (+ indent 1)
                             (+ column (if delimited? 1 2))))
              (newline?  (or (newline-form? head context)
                             (list-of-lists? head tail))) ;'let' bindings
              (context   (cons head context)))
         (if overflow?
             (begin
               (newline port)
               (display (make-string indent #\space) port))
             (unless delimited? (display " " port)))
         (display "(" port)

         (let* ((new-column (loop column column #t context head))
                (indent (if (or (>= new-column max-width)
                                (not (symbol? head))
                                (sequence-would-protrude?
                                 (+ new-column 1) tail)
                                newline?)
                            column
                            (+ new-column 1))))
           (when newline?
             ;; Insert a newline right after HEAD.
             (newline port)
             (display (make-string indent #\space) port))

           (let ((column
                  (print-sequence context indent
                                  (if newline? indent new-column)
                                  tail newline?)))
             (display ")" port)
             (+ column 1)))))
      (_
       (let* ((str (cond ((string? obj)
                          (printed-string obj context))
                         ((integer? obj)
                          (integer->string obj context))
                         (else
                          (object->string obj))))
              (len (string-width str)))
         (if (and (> (+ column 1 len) max-width)
                  (not delimited?))
             (begin
               (newline port)
               (display (make-string indent #\space) port)
               (display str port)
               (+ indent len))
             (begin
               (unless delimited? (display " " port))
               (display str port)
               (+ column (if delimited? 0 1) len))))))))

(define (object->string* obj indent . args)
  "Pretty-print OBJ with INDENT columns as the initial indent.  ARGS are
passed as-is to 'pretty-print-with-comments'."
  (call-with-output-string
    (lambda (port)
      (apply pretty-print-with-comments port obj
             #:indent indent
             args))))

(define* (pretty-print-with-comments/splice port lst
                                            #:rest rest)
  "Write to PORT the expressions and blanks listed in LST."
  (for-each (lambda (exp)
              (apply pretty-print-with-comments port exp rest)
              (unless (blank? exp)
                (newline port)))
            lst))