guix/guix/import/crate.scm

;;; GNU Guix --- Functional package management for GNU
;;; Copyright © 2016 David Craven <david@craven.ch>
;;; Copyright © 2019, 2020, 2021 Ludovic Courtès <ludo@gnu.org>
;;; Copyright © 2019, 2020 Martin Becze <mjbecze@riseup.net>
;;; Copyright © 2021 Nicolas Goaziou <mail@nicolasgoaziou.fr>
;;;
;;; This file is part of GNU Guix.
;;;
;;; GNU Guix is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
;;; under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
;;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at
;;; your option) any later version.
;;;
;;; GNU Guix is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
;;; WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
;;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
;;; GNU General Public License for more details.
;;;
;;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
;;; along with GNU Guix.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

(define-module (guix import crate)
  #:use-module (guix base32)
  #:use-module (guix build-system cargo)
  #:use-module ((guix download) #:prefix download:)
  #:use-module (gcrypt hash)
  #:use-module (guix http-client)
  #:use-module (guix import json)
  #:use-module (guix import utils)
  #:use-module ((guix licenses) #:prefix license:)
  #:use-module (guix memoization)
  #:use-module (guix monads)
  #:use-module (guix packages)
  #:use-module (guix upstream)
  #:use-module (guix utils)
  #:use-module (gnu packages)
  #:use-module (ice-9 match)
  #:use-module (ice-9 regex)
  #:use-module (json)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-1)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-2)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-26)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-71)
  #:export (crate->guix-package
            guix-package->crate-name
            string->license
            crate-recursive-import
            %crate-updater))


;;;
;;; Interface to https://crates.io/api/v1.
;;;

;; Crates.  A crate is essentially a "package".  It can have several
;; "versions", each of which has its own set of dependencies, license,
;; etc.--see <crate-version> below.
(define-json-mapping <crate> make-crate crate?
  json->crate
  (name          crate-name)                      ;string
  (latest-version crate-latest-version "max_version") ;string
  (home-page     crate-home-page "homepage")      ;string | #nil
  (repository    crate-repository)                ;string
  (description   crate-description)               ;string
  (keywords      crate-keywords                   ;list of strings
                 "keywords" vector->list)
  (categories    crate-categories                 ;list of strings
                 "categories" vector->list)
  (versions      crate-versions "actual_versions" ;list of <crate-version>
                 (lambda (vector)
                   (map json->crate-version
                        (vector->list vector))))
  (links         crate-links))                    ;alist

;; Crate version.
(define-json-mapping <crate-version> make-crate-version crate-version?
  json->crate-version
  (id            crate-version-id)                ;integer
  (number        crate-version-number "num")      ;string
  (download-path crate-version-download-path "dl_path") ;string
  (readme-path   crate-version-readme-path "readme_path") ;string
  (license       crate-version-license "license"  ;string | #f
                 (match-lambda
                   ('null #f)
                   ((? string? str) str)))
  (links         crate-version-links))            ;alist

;; Crate dependency.  Each dependency (each edge in the graph) is annotated as
;; being a "normal" dependency or a development dependency.  There also
;; information about the minimum required version, such as "^0.0.41".
(define-json-mapping <crate-dependency> make-crate-dependency
  crate-dependency?
  json->crate-dependency
  (id            crate-dependency-id "crate_id")  ;string
  (kind          crate-dependency-kind "kind"     ;'normal | 'dev | 'build
                 string->symbol)
  (requirement   crate-dependency-requirement "req")) ;string

;; Autoload Guile-Semver so we only have a soft dependency.
(module-autoload! (current-module)
		  '(semver) '(string->semver semver->string semver<?))
(module-autoload! (current-module)
		  '(semver ranges) '(string->semver-range semver-range-contains?))

(define (lookup-crate name)
  "Look up NAME on https://crates.io and return the corresopnding <crate>
record or #f if it was not found."
  (let ((json (json-fetch (string-append (%crate-base-url) "/api/v1/crates/"
                                         name))))
    (and=> (and json (assoc-ref json "crate"))
           (lambda (alist)
             ;; The "versions" field of ALIST is simply a list of version IDs
             ;; (integers).  Here, we squeeze in the actual version
             ;; dictionaries that are not part of ALIST but are just more
             ;; convenient handled this way.
             (let ((versions (or (assoc-ref json "versions") '#())))
               (json->crate `(,@alist
                              ("actual_versions" . ,versions))))))))

(define lookup-crate* (memoize lookup-crate))

(define (crate-version-dependencies version)
  "Return the list of <crate-dependency> records of VERSION, a
<crate-version>."
  (let* ((path (assoc-ref (crate-version-links version) "dependencies"))
         (url  (string-append (%crate-base-url) path)))
    (match (assoc-ref (or (json-fetch url) '()) "dependencies")
      ((? vector? vector)
       (delete-duplicates (map json->crate-dependency (vector->list vector))))
      (_
       '()))))


;;;
;;; Converting crates to Guix packages.
;;;

(define (maybe-cargo-inputs package-names)
  (match (package-names->package-inputs package-names)
    (()
     '())
    ((package-inputs ...)
     `(#:cargo-inputs ,package-inputs))))

(define (maybe-cargo-development-inputs package-names)
  (match (package-names->package-inputs package-names)
    (()
     '())
    ((package-inputs ...)
     `(#:cargo-development-inputs ,package-inputs))))

(define (maybe-arguments arguments)
  (match arguments
    (()
     '())
    ((args ...)
     `((arguments (,'quasiquote ,args))))))

(define (version->semver-prefix version)
  "Return the version up to and including the first non-zero part"
  (first
   (map match:substring
        (list-matches "^(0+\\.){,2}[0-9]+" version))))

(define* (make-crate-sexp #:key name version cargo-inputs cargo-development-inputs
                          home-page synopsis description license build?)
  "Return the `package' s-expression for a rust package with the given NAME,
VERSION, CARGO-INPUTS, CARGO-DEVELOPMENT-INPUTS, HOME-PAGE, SYNOPSIS, DESCRIPTION,
and LICENSE."
  (define (format-inputs inputs)
    (map
     (match-lambda
      ((name version)
       (list (crate-name->package-name name)
             (version->semver-prefix version))))
     inputs))

  (let* ((port (http-fetch (crate-uri name version)))
         (guix-name (crate-name->package-name name))
         (cargo-inputs (format-inputs cargo-inputs))
         (cargo-development-inputs (format-inputs cargo-development-inputs))
         (pkg `(package
                   (name ,guix-name)
                   (version ,version)
                   (source (origin
                             (method url-fetch)
                             (uri (crate-uri ,name version))
                             (file-name (string-append name "-" version ".tar.gz"))
                             (sha256
                              (base32
                               ,(bytevector->nix-base32-string (port-sha256 port))))))
                   (build-system cargo-build-system)
                   ,@(maybe-arguments (append (if build?
                                                 '()
                                                 '(#:skip-build? #t))
                                              (maybe-cargo-inputs cargo-inputs)
                                              (maybe-cargo-development-inputs
                                                cargo-development-inputs)))
                   (home-page ,home-page)
                   (synopsis ,synopsis)
                   (description ,(beautify-description description))
                   (license ,(match license
                               (() #f)
                               (#f #f)
                               ((license) license)
                               (_ `(list ,@license)))))))
         (close-port port)
         (package->definition pkg (version->semver-prefix version))))

(define (string->license string)
  (filter-map (lambda (license)
                (and (not (string-null? license))
                     (not (any (lambda (elem) (string=? elem license))
                               '("AND" "OR" "WITH")))
                     (or (spdx-string->license license)
                         'unknown-license!)))
              (string-split string (string->char-set " /"))))

(define* (crate->guix-package crate-name #:key version include-dev-deps? repo)
  "Fetch the metadata for CRATE-NAME from crates.io, and return the
`package' s-expression corresponding to that package, or #f on failure.
When VERSION is specified, convert it into a semver range and attempt to fetch
the latest version matching this semver range; otherwise fetch the latest
version of CRATE-NAME. If INCLUDE-DEV-DEPS is true then this will also
look up the development dependencs for the given crate."

  (define (semver-range-contains-string? range version)
    (semver-range-contains? (string->semver-range range)
                            (string->semver version)))

  (define (normal-dependency? dependency)
    (or (eq? (crate-dependency-kind dependency) 'build)
        (eq? (crate-dependency-kind dependency) 'normal)))

  (define crate
    (lookup-crate* crate-name))

  (define version-number
    (and crate
         (or version
             (crate-latest-version crate))))

  ;; find the highest existing package that fulfills the semver <range>
  (define (find-package-version name range)
    (let* ((semver-range (string->semver-range range))
           (versions
            (sort
             (filter (lambda (version)
                       (semver-range-contains? semver-range version))
                     (map (lambda (pkg)
                            (string->semver (package-version pkg)))
                          (find-packages-by-name
                           (crate-name->package-name name))))
             semver<?)))
      (and (not (null-list? versions))
           (semver->string (last versions)))))

  ;; find the highest version of a crate that fulfills the semver <range>
  (define (find-crate-version crate range)
    (let* ((semver-range (string->semver-range range))
           (versions
            (sort
             (filter (lambda (entry)
                       (semver-range-contains? semver-range (first entry)))
                     (map (lambda (ver)
                            (list (string->semver (crate-version-number ver))
                                  ver))
                          (crate-versions crate)))
             (match-lambda* (((semver _) ...)
                             (apply semver<? semver))))))
      (and (not (null-list? versions))
           (second (last versions)))))

  (define (dependency-name+version dep)
    (let* ((name (crate-dependency-id dep))
           (req (crate-dependency-requirement dep))
           (existing-version (find-package-version name req)))
      (if existing-version
          (list name existing-version)
          (let* ((crate (lookup-crate* name))
                 (ver (find-crate-version crate req)))
            (list name
                  (crate-version-number ver))))))

  (define version*
    (and crate
         (find-crate-version crate version-number)))

  ;; sort and map the dependencies to a list containing
  ;; pairs of (name version)
  (define (sort-map-dependencies deps)
    (sort (map dependency-name+version
               deps)
          (match-lambda* (((name _) ...)
                          (apply string-ci<? name)))))

  (and crate version*
       (let* ((dependencies (crate-version-dependencies version*))
              (dep-crates dev-dep-crates (partition normal-dependency? dependencies))
              (cargo-inputs (sort-map-dependencies dep-crates))
              (cargo-development-inputs (if include-dev-deps?
                                            (sort-map-dependencies dev-dep-crates)
                                            '())))
         (values
          (make-crate-sexp #:build? include-dev-deps?
                           #:name crate-name
                           #:version (crate-version-number version*)
                           #:cargo-inputs cargo-inputs
                           #:cargo-development-inputs cargo-development-inputs
                           #:home-page
                           (let ((home-page (crate-home-page crate)))
                             (if (string? home-page)
                                 home-page
                                 (let ((repository (crate-repository crate)))
                                   (if (string? repository)
                                       repository
                                       ""))))
                           #:synopsis (crate-description crate)
                           #:description (crate-description crate)
                           #:license (and=> (crate-version-license version*)
                                            string->license))
          (append cargo-inputs cargo-development-inputs)))))

(define* (crate-recursive-import crate-name #:key version)
  (recursive-import crate-name
                    #:repo->guix-package (lambda* params
                      ;; download development dependencies only for the top level package
                      (let ((include-dev-deps? (equal? (car params) crate-name))
                            (crate->guix-package* (memoize crate->guix-package)))
                        (apply crate->guix-package*
                               (append params `(#:include-dev-deps? ,include-dev-deps?)))))
                    #:version version
                    #:guix-name crate-name->package-name))

(define (guix-package->crate-name package)
  "Return the crate name of PACKAGE."
  (and-let* ((origin (package-source package))
             (uri (origin-uri origin))
             (crate-url? uri)
             (len (string-length crate-url))
             (path (xsubstring uri len))
             (parts (string-split path #\/)))
    (match parts
      ((name _ ...) name))))

(define (crate-name->package-name name)
  (guix-name "rust-" name))


;;;
;;; Updater
;;;

(define crate-package?
  (url-predicate crate-url?))

(define (latest-release package)
  "Return an <upstream-source> for the latest release of PACKAGE."
  (let* ((crate-name (guix-package->crate-name package))
         (crate      (lookup-crate crate-name))
         (version    (crate-latest-version crate))
         (url        (crate-uri crate-name version)))
    (upstream-source
     (package (package-name package))
     (version version)
     (urls (list url)))))

(define %crate-updater
  (upstream-updater
   (name 'crate)
   (description "Updater for crates.io packages")
   (pred crate-package?)
   (latest latest-release)))