% How to install LibertyBSD or OpenBSD on a libreboot system

NOTE: This guide was written for OpenBSD by the person who contributed it, but the libreboot project recommends LibertyBSD. LibertyBSD is a version of OpenBSD without proprietary software in the repositories (OpenBSD distributes firmware blobs for devices inside its kernel). Go to the LibertyBSD website -- TODO: test on LibertyBSD and prioritise that in this guide.

This section relates to preparing, booting and installing OpenBSD on your libreboot system, using nothing more than a USB flash drive (and dd). They've only been tested on a Lenovo ThinkPad x200.

Prepare the USB drive (in OpenBSD)
Installing OpenBSD without full disk encryption
Installing OpenBSD with full disk encryption
Booting
Configuring Grub
Troubleshooting

This section is only for the GRUB payload. For depthcharge (used on CrOS devices in libreboot), instructions have yet to be written in the libreboot documentation.

install60.fs is the installation image for OpenBSD 6.0. Adapt the filename accordingly, for a different OpenBSD version or LibertyBSD.

Prepare the USB drive (in LibertyBSD or OpenBSD)

If you downloaded your ISO on a LibertyBSD or OpenBSD system, here is how to create the bootable LibertyBSD/OpenBSD USB drive:

Connect the USB drive. Check dmesg:

$ dmesg | tail

Check to confirm which drive it is, for example, if you think its sd3:

$ disklabel sd3

Check that it wasn't automatically mounted. If it was, unmount it. For example:

$ doas umount /dev/sd3i

dmesg told you what device it is. Overwrite the drive, writing the OpenBSD installer to it with dd. For example:

$ doas dd if=install60.fs of=/dev/rsdXc bs=1M; sync

You should now be able to boot the installer from your USB drive. Continue reading, for information about how to do that.

Prepare the USB drive (in NetBSD)

This page on the NetBSD website shows how to create a NetBSD bootable USB drive from within NetBSD itself. You should use the dd method documented there. This will also work with the OpenBSD image.

Prepare the USB drive (in FreeBSD)

This page on the FreeBSD website shows how to create a bootable USB drive for installing FreeBSD. Use the dd on that page. You can also use the same instructions with a OpenBSD ISO image.

Prepare the USB drive (in GNU+Linux)

If you downloaded your ISO on a GNU+Linux system, here is how to create the bootable OpenBSD USB drive:

Connect the USB drive. Check dmesg:

$ dmesg

Check lsblk to confirm which drive it is:

$ lsblk

Check that it wasn't automatically mounted. If it was, unmount it. For example:

$ sudo umount /dev/sdX\*
# umount /dev/sdX\*

dmesg told you what device it is. Overwrite the drive, writing your distro ISO to it with dd. For example:

$ sudo dd if=install60.fs of=/dev/sdX bs=8M; sync
# dd if=install60.fs of=/dev/sdX bs=8M; sync

You should now be able to boot the installer from your USB drive. Continue reading, for information about how to do that.

Installing OpenBSD without full disk encryption

Press C in GRUB to access the command line:

grub> kopenbsd (usb0,openbsd1)/6.0/amd64/bsd.rd
grub> boot

It will start booting into the OpenBSD installer. Follow the normal process for installing OpenBSD.

Installing OpenBSD with full disk encryption

Not working. You can modify the above procedure (installation w/o encryption) to install OpenBSD using full disk encryption, and it appears to work, except that its not yet clear how to actually boot an OpenBSD+FDE installation using libreboot+Grub2. If you get it working, please let us know.

If booting in text mode (framebuffer mode might also work), it might be possible to chainload the OpenBSD or LibertyBSD bootloader from the MBR section on the internal storage device. This way, it would be possible to boot with an encrypted OpenBSD or LibertyBSD installation. Please let us know (contact details are on the libreboot homepage) if you get it working this way.

Alternatively, it would be good to port OpenBSD either natively as a coreboot payload, or port it to libpayload (payload library in coreboot; it has a basic C library and a few functions for certain operations e.g. text/bitmap). This would be ideal, because then it would be possible to boot a truly fully encrypted OpenBSD or LibertyBSD installation, by putting everything in the flash chip.

Alternatively, modifying GRUB to support booting fully encrypted OpenBSD installations would be possible, but probably not feasible; it's an alien codebase to the OpenBSD project, not tightly integrated and the OpenBSD bootloader already works.

Booting

Press C in GRUB to access the command line:

grub> kopenbsd -r sd0a (ahci0,openbsd1)/bsd
grub> boot

OpenBSD will start booting. Yay!

Configuring Grub

If you don't want to drop to the GRUB command line and type in a command to boot OpenBSD every time, you can create a GRUB configuration that's aware of your OpenBSD installation and that will automatically be used by libreboot.

On your OpenBSD root partition, create the /grub directory and add the file libreboot_grub.cfg to it. Inside the libreboot_grub.cfg add these lines:

**default=0 timeout=3 menuentry "OpenBSD" {\ kopenbsd -r sd0a (ahci0,openbsd1)/bsd\ }\ **

The next time you boot, you'll see the old Grub menu for a few seconds, then you'll see the a new menu with only OpenBSD on the list. After 3 seconds OpenBSD will boot, or you can hit enter to boot.

Troubleshooting

Most of these issues occur when using libreboot with coreboot's 'text mode' instead of the coreboot framebuffer. This mode is useful for booting payloads like memtest86+ which expect text-mode, but for OpenBSD it can be problematic when they are trying to switch to a framebuffer because it doesn't exist.

In most cases, you should use the vesafb ROM images. Example filename: libreboot_ukdvorak_vesafb.rom.

won't boot...something about file not found

Your device names (i.e. usb0, usb1, sd0, sd1, wd0, ahci0, hd0, etc) and numbers may differ. Use TAB completion.

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