core.c 13 KB

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  1. /*
  2. * CPU Microcode Update Driver for Linux
  3. *
  4. * Copyright (C) 2000-2006 Tigran Aivazian <tigran@aivazian.fsnet.co.uk>
  5. * 2006 Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
  6. * 2013-2015 Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
  7. *
  8. * This driver allows to upgrade microcode on x86 processors.
  9. *
  10. * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  11. * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
  12. * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
  13. * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
  14. */
  15. #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
  16. #include <linux/platform_device.h>
  17. #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
  18. #include <linux/capability.h>
  19. #include <linux/kernel.h>
  20. #include <linux/module.h>
  21. #include <linux/mutex.h>
  22. #include <linux/cpu.h>
  23. #include <linux/fs.h>
  24. #include <linux/mm.h>
  25. #include <linux/syscore_ops.h>
  26. #include <asm/microcode.h>
  27. #include <asm/processor.h>
  28. #include <asm/cpu_device_id.h>
  29. #include <asm/perf_event.h>
  30. MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Microcode Update Driver");
  31. MODULE_AUTHOR("Tigran Aivazian <tigran@aivazian.fsnet.co.uk>");
  32. MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
  33. #define MICROCODE_VERSION "2.00"
  34. static struct microcode_ops *microcode_ops;
  35. bool dis_ucode_ldr;
  36. module_param(dis_ucode_ldr, bool, 0);
  37. /*
  38. * Synchronization.
  39. *
  40. * All non cpu-hotplug-callback call sites use:
  41. *
  42. * - microcode_mutex to synchronize with each other;
  43. * - get/put_online_cpus() to synchronize with
  44. * the cpu-hotplug-callback call sites.
  45. *
  46. * We guarantee that only a single cpu is being
  47. * updated at any particular moment of time.
  48. */
  49. static DEFINE_MUTEX(microcode_mutex);
  50. struct ucode_cpu_info ucode_cpu_info[NR_CPUS];
  51. EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ucode_cpu_info);
  52. /*
  53. * Operations that are run on a target cpu:
  54. */
  55. struct cpu_info_ctx {
  56. struct cpu_signature *cpu_sig;
  57. int err;
  58. };
  59. static void collect_cpu_info_local(void *arg)
  60. {
  61. struct cpu_info_ctx *ctx = arg;
  62. ctx->err = microcode_ops->collect_cpu_info(smp_processor_id(),
  63. ctx->cpu_sig);
  64. }
  65. static int collect_cpu_info_on_target(int cpu, struct cpu_signature *cpu_sig)
  66. {
  67. struct cpu_info_ctx ctx = { .cpu_sig = cpu_sig, .err = 0 };
  68. int ret;
  69. ret = smp_call_function_single(cpu, collect_cpu_info_local, &ctx, 1);
  70. if (!ret)
  71. ret = ctx.err;
  72. return ret;
  73. }
  74. static int collect_cpu_info(int cpu)
  75. {
  76. struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
  77. int ret;
  78. memset(uci, 0, sizeof(*uci));
  79. ret = collect_cpu_info_on_target(cpu, &uci->cpu_sig);
  80. if (!ret)
  81. uci->valid = 1;
  82. return ret;
  83. }
  84. struct apply_microcode_ctx {
  85. int err;
  86. };
  87. static void apply_microcode_local(void *arg)
  88. {
  89. struct apply_microcode_ctx *ctx = arg;
  90. ctx->err = microcode_ops->apply_microcode(smp_processor_id());
  91. }
  92. static int apply_microcode_on_target(int cpu)
  93. {
  94. struct apply_microcode_ctx ctx = { .err = 0 };
  95. int ret;
  96. ret = smp_call_function_single(cpu, apply_microcode_local, &ctx, 1);
  97. if (!ret)
  98. ret = ctx.err;
  99. return ret;
  100. }
  101. #ifdef CONFIG_MICROCODE_OLD_INTERFACE
  102. static int do_microcode_update(const void __user *buf, size_t size)
  103. {
  104. int error = 0;
  105. int cpu;
  106. for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
  107. struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
  108. enum ucode_state ustate;
  109. if (!uci->valid)
  110. continue;
  111. ustate = microcode_ops->request_microcode_user(cpu, buf, size);
  112. if (ustate == UCODE_ERROR) {
  113. error = -1;
  114. break;
  115. } else if (ustate == UCODE_OK)
  116. apply_microcode_on_target(cpu);
  117. }
  118. return error;
  119. }
  120. static int microcode_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
  121. {
  122. return capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO) ? nonseekable_open(inode, file) : -EPERM;
  123. }
  124. static ssize_t microcode_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
  125. size_t len, loff_t *ppos)
  126. {
  127. ssize_t ret = -EINVAL;
  128. if ((len >> PAGE_SHIFT) > totalram_pages) {
  129. pr_err("too much data (max %ld pages)\n", totalram_pages);
  130. return ret;
  131. }
  132. get_online_cpus();
  133. mutex_lock(&microcode_mutex);
  134. if (do_microcode_update(buf, len) == 0)
  135. ret = (ssize_t)len;
  136. if (ret > 0)
  137. perf_check_microcode();
  138. mutex_unlock(&microcode_mutex);
  139. put_online_cpus();
  140. return ret;
  141. }
  142. static const struct file_operations microcode_fops = {
  143. .owner = THIS_MODULE,
  144. .write = microcode_write,
  145. .open = microcode_open,
  146. .llseek = no_llseek,
  147. };
  148. static struct miscdevice microcode_dev = {
  149. .minor = MICROCODE_MINOR,
  150. .name = "microcode",
  151. .nodename = "cpu/microcode",
  152. .fops = &microcode_fops,
  153. };
  154. static int __init microcode_dev_init(void)
  155. {
  156. int error;
  157. error = misc_register(&microcode_dev);
  158. if (error) {
  159. pr_err("can't misc_register on minor=%d\n", MICROCODE_MINOR);
  160. return error;
  161. }
  162. return 0;
  163. }
  164. static void __exit microcode_dev_exit(void)
  165. {
  166. misc_deregister(&microcode_dev);
  167. }
  168. MODULE_ALIAS_MISCDEV(MICROCODE_MINOR);
  169. MODULE_ALIAS("devname:cpu/microcode");
  170. #else
  171. #define microcode_dev_init() 0
  172. #define microcode_dev_exit() do { } while (0)
  173. #endif
  174. /* fake device for request_firmware */
  175. static struct platform_device *microcode_pdev;
  176. static int reload_for_cpu(int cpu)
  177. {
  178. struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
  179. enum ucode_state ustate;
  180. int err = 0;
  181. if (!uci->valid)
  182. return err;
  183. ustate = microcode_ops->request_microcode_fw(cpu, &microcode_pdev->dev, true);
  184. if (ustate == UCODE_OK)
  185. apply_microcode_on_target(cpu);
  186. else
  187. if (ustate == UCODE_ERROR)
  188. err = -EINVAL;
  189. return err;
  190. }
  191. static ssize_t reload_store(struct device *dev,
  192. struct device_attribute *attr,
  193. const char *buf, size_t size)
  194. {
  195. unsigned long val;
  196. int cpu;
  197. ssize_t ret = 0, tmp_ret;
  198. ret = kstrtoul(buf, 0, &val);
  199. if (ret)
  200. return ret;
  201. if (val != 1)
  202. return size;
  203. get_online_cpus();
  204. mutex_lock(&microcode_mutex);
  205. for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
  206. tmp_ret = reload_for_cpu(cpu);
  207. if (tmp_ret != 0)
  208. pr_warn("Error reloading microcode on CPU %d\n", cpu);
  209. /* save retval of the first encountered reload error */
  210. if (!ret)
  211. ret = tmp_ret;
  212. }
  213. if (!ret)
  214. perf_check_microcode();
  215. mutex_unlock(&microcode_mutex);
  216. put_online_cpus();
  217. if (!ret)
  218. ret = size;
  219. return ret;
  220. }
  221. static ssize_t version_show(struct device *dev,
  222. struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
  223. {
  224. struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + dev->id;
  225. return sprintf(buf, "0x%x\n", uci->cpu_sig.rev);
  226. }
  227. static ssize_t pf_show(struct device *dev,
  228. struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
  229. {
  230. struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + dev->id;
  231. return sprintf(buf, "0x%x\n", uci->cpu_sig.pf);
  232. }
  233. static DEVICE_ATTR(reload, 0200, NULL, reload_store);
  234. static DEVICE_ATTR(version, 0400, version_show, NULL);
  235. static DEVICE_ATTR(processor_flags, 0400, pf_show, NULL);
  236. static struct attribute *mc_default_attrs[] = {
  237. &dev_attr_version.attr,
  238. &dev_attr_processor_flags.attr,
  239. NULL
  240. };
  241. static struct attribute_group mc_attr_group = {
  242. .attrs = mc_default_attrs,
  243. .name = "microcode",
  244. };
  245. static void microcode_fini_cpu(int cpu)
  246. {
  247. microcode_ops->microcode_fini_cpu(cpu);
  248. }
  249. static enum ucode_state microcode_resume_cpu(int cpu)
  250. {
  251. pr_debug("CPU%d updated upon resume\n", cpu);
  252. if (apply_microcode_on_target(cpu))
  253. return UCODE_ERROR;
  254. return UCODE_OK;
  255. }
  256. static enum ucode_state microcode_init_cpu(int cpu, bool refresh_fw)
  257. {
  258. enum ucode_state ustate;
  259. struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
  260. if (uci && uci->valid)
  261. return UCODE_OK;
  262. if (collect_cpu_info(cpu))
  263. return UCODE_ERROR;
  264. /* --dimm. Trigger a delayed update? */
  265. if (system_state != SYSTEM_RUNNING)
  266. return UCODE_NFOUND;
  267. ustate = microcode_ops->request_microcode_fw(cpu, &microcode_pdev->dev,
  268. refresh_fw);
  269. if (ustate == UCODE_OK) {
  270. pr_debug("CPU%d updated upon init\n", cpu);
  271. apply_microcode_on_target(cpu);
  272. }
  273. return ustate;
  274. }
  275. static enum ucode_state microcode_update_cpu(int cpu)
  276. {
  277. struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
  278. if (uci->valid)
  279. return microcode_resume_cpu(cpu);
  280. return microcode_init_cpu(cpu, false);
  281. }
  282. static int mc_device_add(struct device *dev, struct subsys_interface *sif)
  283. {
  284. int err, cpu = dev->id;
  285. if (!cpu_online(cpu))
  286. return 0;
  287. pr_debug("CPU%d added\n", cpu);
  288. err = sysfs_create_group(&dev->kobj, &mc_attr_group);
  289. if (err)
  290. return err;
  291. if (microcode_init_cpu(cpu, true) == UCODE_ERROR)
  292. return -EINVAL;
  293. return err;
  294. }
  295. static int mc_device_remove(struct device *dev, struct subsys_interface *sif)
  296. {
  297. int cpu = dev->id;
  298. if (!cpu_online(cpu))
  299. return 0;
  300. pr_debug("CPU%d removed\n", cpu);
  301. microcode_fini_cpu(cpu);
  302. sysfs_remove_group(&dev->kobj, &mc_attr_group);
  303. return 0;
  304. }
  305. static struct subsys_interface mc_cpu_interface = {
  306. .name = "microcode",
  307. .subsys = &cpu_subsys,
  308. .add_dev = mc_device_add,
  309. .remove_dev = mc_device_remove,
  310. };
  311. /**
  312. * mc_bp_resume - Update boot CPU microcode during resume.
  313. */
  314. static void mc_bp_resume(void)
  315. {
  316. int cpu = smp_processor_id();
  317. struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
  318. if (uci->valid && uci->mc)
  319. microcode_ops->apply_microcode(cpu);
  320. else if (!uci->mc)
  321. reload_early_microcode();
  322. }
  323. static struct syscore_ops mc_syscore_ops = {
  324. .resume = mc_bp_resume,
  325. };
  326. static int
  327. mc_cpu_callback(struct notifier_block *nb, unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
  328. {
  329. unsigned int cpu = (unsigned long)hcpu;
  330. struct device *dev;
  331. dev = get_cpu_device(cpu);
  332. switch (action & ~CPU_TASKS_FROZEN) {
  333. case CPU_ONLINE:
  334. microcode_update_cpu(cpu);
  335. pr_debug("CPU%d added\n", cpu);
  336. /*
  337. * "break" is missing on purpose here because we want to fall
  338. * through in order to create the sysfs group.
  339. */
  340. case CPU_DOWN_FAILED:
  341. if (sysfs_create_group(&dev->kobj, &mc_attr_group))
  342. pr_err("Failed to create group for CPU%d\n", cpu);
  343. break;
  344. case CPU_DOWN_PREPARE:
  345. /* Suspend is in progress, only remove the interface */
  346. sysfs_remove_group(&dev->kobj, &mc_attr_group);
  347. pr_debug("CPU%d removed\n", cpu);
  348. break;
  349. /*
  350. * case CPU_DEAD:
  351. *
  352. * When a CPU goes offline, don't free up or invalidate the copy of
  353. * the microcode in kernel memory, so that we can reuse it when the
  354. * CPU comes back online without unnecessarily requesting the userspace
  355. * for it again.
  356. */
  357. }
  358. /* The CPU refused to come up during a system resume */
  359. if (action == CPU_UP_CANCELED_FROZEN)
  360. microcode_fini_cpu(cpu);
  361. return NOTIFY_OK;
  362. }
  363. static struct notifier_block __refdata mc_cpu_notifier = {
  364. .notifier_call = mc_cpu_callback,
  365. };
  366. #ifdef MODULE
  367. /* Autoload on Intel and AMD systems */
  368. static const struct x86_cpu_id __initconst microcode_id[] = {
  369. #ifdef CONFIG_MICROCODE_INTEL
  370. { X86_VENDOR_INTEL, X86_FAMILY_ANY, X86_MODEL_ANY, },
  371. #endif
  372. #ifdef CONFIG_MICROCODE_AMD
  373. { X86_VENDOR_AMD, X86_FAMILY_ANY, X86_MODEL_ANY, },
  374. #endif
  375. {}
  376. };
  377. MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(x86cpu, microcode_id);
  378. #endif
  379. static struct attribute *cpu_root_microcode_attrs[] = {
  380. &dev_attr_reload.attr,
  381. NULL
  382. };
  383. static struct attribute_group cpu_root_microcode_group = {
  384. .name = "microcode",
  385. .attrs = cpu_root_microcode_attrs,
  386. };
  387. static int __init microcode_init(void)
  388. {
  389. struct cpuinfo_x86 *c = &cpu_data(0);
  390. int error;
  391. if (paravirt_enabled() || dis_ucode_ldr)
  392. return -EINVAL;
  393. if (c->x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_INTEL)
  394. microcode_ops = init_intel_microcode();
  395. else if (c->x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_AMD)
  396. microcode_ops = init_amd_microcode();
  397. else
  398. pr_err("no support for this CPU vendor\n");
  399. if (!microcode_ops)
  400. return -ENODEV;
  401. microcode_pdev = platform_device_register_simple("microcode", -1,
  402. NULL, 0);
  403. if (IS_ERR(microcode_pdev))
  404. return PTR_ERR(microcode_pdev);
  405. get_online_cpus();
  406. mutex_lock(&microcode_mutex);
  407. error = subsys_interface_register(&mc_cpu_interface);
  408. if (!error)
  409. perf_check_microcode();
  410. mutex_unlock(&microcode_mutex);
  411. put_online_cpus();
  412. if (error)
  413. goto out_pdev;
  414. error = sysfs_create_group(&cpu_subsys.dev_root->kobj,
  415. &cpu_root_microcode_group);
  416. if (error) {
  417. pr_err("Error creating microcode group!\n");
  418. goto out_driver;
  419. }
  420. error = microcode_dev_init();
  421. if (error)
  422. goto out_ucode_group;
  423. register_syscore_ops(&mc_syscore_ops);
  424. register_hotcpu_notifier(&mc_cpu_notifier);
  425. pr_info("Microcode Update Driver: v" MICROCODE_VERSION
  426. " <tigran@aivazian.fsnet.co.uk>, Peter Oruba\n");
  427. return 0;
  428. out_ucode_group:
  429. sysfs_remove_group(&cpu_subsys.dev_root->kobj,
  430. &cpu_root_microcode_group);
  431. out_driver:
  432. get_online_cpus();
  433. mutex_lock(&microcode_mutex);
  434. subsys_interface_unregister(&mc_cpu_interface);
  435. mutex_unlock(&microcode_mutex);
  436. put_online_cpus();
  437. out_pdev:
  438. platform_device_unregister(microcode_pdev);
  439. return error;
  440. }
  441. module_init(microcode_init);
  442. static void __exit microcode_exit(void)
  443. {
  444. struct cpuinfo_x86 *c = &cpu_data(0);
  445. microcode_dev_exit();
  446. unregister_hotcpu_notifier(&mc_cpu_notifier);
  447. unregister_syscore_ops(&mc_syscore_ops);
  448. sysfs_remove_group(&cpu_subsys.dev_root->kobj,
  449. &cpu_root_microcode_group);
  450. get_online_cpus();
  451. mutex_lock(&microcode_mutex);
  452. subsys_interface_unregister(&mc_cpu_interface);
  453. mutex_unlock(&microcode_mutex);
  454. put_online_cpus();
  455. platform_device_unregister(microcode_pdev);
  456. microcode_ops = NULL;
  457. if (c->x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_AMD)
  458. exit_amd_microcode();
  459. pr_info("Microcode Update Driver: v" MICROCODE_VERSION " removed.\n");
  460. }
  461. module_exit(microcode_exit);