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pruebaCodeIgniter
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pruebaCodeIg...
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  1. 

  2. 

  3. <!DOCTYPE html>
    4. 

  4. <!--[if IE 8]><html class="no-js lt-ie9" lang="en" > <![endif]-->
    5. 

  5. <!--[if gt IE 8]><!--> <html class="no-js" lang="en" > <!--<![endif]-->
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  6. <head>
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  7.   <meta charset="utf-8">
    8. 

  8.   <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    9. 

  9.   
    10. 

  10.   <title>CodeIgniter User Guide &mdash; CodeIgniter 3.1.3 documentation</title>
    11. 

  11.   
    12. 

  12. 

  13.   
    14. 

  14.   
    15. 

  15.     <link rel="shortcut icon" href="_static/ci-icon.ico"/>
    16. 

  16.   
    17. 

  17. 

  18.   
    19. 

  19.   <link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:400,700,400italic,700italic|Roboto+Slab:400,700|Inconsolata:400,700&subset=latin,cyrillic' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>
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  20. 

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  22.   
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  23.     
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  24. 

  25.   
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  26. 

  27.   
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  28.   
    29. 

  29.     <link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/css/citheme.css" type="text/css" />
    30. 

  30.   
    31. 

  31. 

  32.   
    33. 

  33.     <link rel="top" title="CodeIgniter 3.1.3 documentation" href="#"/>
    34. 

  34.         <link rel="next" title="Welcome to CodeIgniter" href="general/welcome.html"/> 
    35. 

  35. 

  36.   
    37. 

  37.   <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/modernizr/2.6.2/modernizr.min.js"></script>
    38. 

  38. 

  39. </head>
    40. 

  40. 

  41. <body class="wy-body-for-nav" role="document">
    42. 

  42. 

  43.   <div id="nav">
    44. 

  44.   <div id="nav_inner">
    45. 

  45.     
    46. 

  46.     
    47. 

  47.     
    48. 

  48.       <div id="pulldown-menu" class="ciNav">
    49. 

  49.         <ul>
    50. 

  50. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="general/welcome.html">Welcome to CodeIgniter</a><ul class="simple">
    51. 

  51. </ul>
    52. 

  52. </li>
    53. 

  53. </ul>
    54. 

  54. <ul>
    55. 

  55. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="installation/index.html">Installation Instructions</a><ul>
    56. 

  56. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="installation/downloads.html">Downloading CodeIgniter</a></li>
    57. 

  57. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="installation/index.html">Installation Instructions</a></li>
    58. 

  58. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="installation/upgrading.html">Upgrading From a Previous Version</a></li>
    59. 

  59. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="installation/troubleshooting.html">Troubleshooting</a></li>
    60. 

  60. </ul>
    61. 

  61. </li>
    62. 

  62. </ul>
    63. 

  63. <ul>
    64. 

  64. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/index.html">CodeIgniter Overview</a><ul>
    65. 

  65. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/getting_started.html">Getting Started</a></li>
    66. 

  66. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/at_a_glance.html">CodeIgniter at a Glance</a></li>
    67. 

  67. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/features.html">Supported Features</a></li>
    68. 

  68. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/appflow.html">Application Flow Chart</a></li>
    69. 

  69. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/mvc.html">Model-View-Controller</a></li>
    70. 

  70. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/goals.html">Architectural Goals</a></li>
    71. 

  71. </ul>
    72. 

  72. </li>
    73. 

  73. </ul>
    74. 

  74. <ul>
    75. 

  75. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial/index.html">Tutorial</a><ul>
    76. 

  76. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial/static_pages.html">Static pages</a></li>
    77. 

  77. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial/news_section.html">News section</a></li>
    78. 

  78. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial/create_news_items.html">Create news items</a></li>
    79. 

  79. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial/conclusion.html">Conclusion</a></li>
    80. 

  80. </ul>
    81. 

  81. </li>
    82. 

  82. </ul>
    83. 

  83. <ul>
    84. 

  84. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="contributing/index.html">Contributing to CodeIgniter</a><ul>
    85. 

  85. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="documentation/index.html">Writing CodeIgniter Documentation</a></li>
    86. 

  86. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="DCO.html">Developer&#8217;s Certificate of Origin 1.1</a></li>
    87. 

  87. </ul>
    88. 

  88. </li>
    89. 

  89. </ul>
    90. 

  90. <ul>
    91. 

  91. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="general/index.html">General Topics</a><ul>
    92. 

  92. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/urls.html">CodeIgniter URLs</a></li>
    93. 

  93. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/controllers.html">Controllers</a></li>
    94. 

  94. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/reserved_names.html">Reserved Names</a></li>
    95. 

  95. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/views.html">Views</a></li>
    96. 

  96. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/models.html">Models</a></li>
    97. 

  97. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/helpers.html">Helpers</a></li>
    98. 

  98. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/libraries.html">Using CodeIgniter Libraries</a></li>
    99. 

  99. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/creating_libraries.html">Creating Libraries</a></li>
    100. 

  100. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/drivers.html">Using CodeIgniter Drivers</a></li>
    101. 

  101. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/creating_drivers.html">Creating Drivers</a></li>
    102. 

  102. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/core_classes.html">Creating Core System Classes</a></li>
    103. 

  103. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/ancillary_classes.html">Creating Ancillary Classes</a></li>
    104. 

  104. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/hooks.html">Hooks - Extending the Framework Core</a></li>
    105. 

  105. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/autoloader.html">Auto-loading Resources</a></li>
    106. 

  106. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/common_functions.html">Common Functions</a></li>
    107. 

  107. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/compatibility_functions.html">Compatibility Functions</a></li>
    108. 

  108. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/routing.html">URI Routing</a></li>
    109. 

  109. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/errors.html">Error Handling</a></li>
    110. 

  110. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/caching.html">Caching</a></li>
    111. 

  111. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/profiling.html">Profiling Your Application</a></li>
    112. 

  112. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/cli.html">Running via the CLI</a></li>
    113. 

  113. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/managing_apps.html">Managing your Applications</a></li>
    114. 

  114. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/environments.html">Handling Multiple Environments</a></li>
    115. 

  115. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/alternative_php.html">Alternate PHP Syntax for View Files</a></li>
    116. 

  116. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/security.html">Security</a></li>
    117. 

  117. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/styleguide.html">PHP Style Guide</a></li>
    118. 

  118. </ul>
    119. 

  119. </li>
    120. 

  120. </ul>
    121. 

  121. <ul>
    122. 

  122. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/index.html">Libraries</a><ul>
    123. 

  123. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/benchmark.html">Benchmarking Class</a></li>
    124. 

  124. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/caching.html">Caching Driver</a></li>
    125. 

  125. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/calendar.html">Calendaring Class</a></li>
    126. 

  126. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/cart.html">Shopping Cart Class</a></li>
    127. 

  127. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/config.html">Config Class</a></li>
    128. 

  128. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/email.html">Email Class</a></li>
    129. 

  129. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/encrypt.html">Encrypt Class</a></li>
    130. 

  130. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/encryption.html">Encryption Library</a></li>
    131. 

  131. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/file_uploading.html">File Uploading Class</a></li>
    132. 

  132. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/form_validation.html">Form Validation</a></li>
    133. 

  133. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/ftp.html">FTP Class</a></li>
    134. 

  134. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/image_lib.html">Image Manipulation Class</a></li>
    135. 

  135. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/input.html">Input Class</a></li>
    136. 

  136. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/javascript.html">Javascript Class</a></li>
    137. 

  137. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/language.html">Language Class</a></li>
    138. 

  138. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/loader.html">Loader Class</a></li>
    139. 

  139. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/migration.html">Migrations Class</a></li>
    140. 

  140. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/output.html">Output Class</a></li>
    141. 

  141. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/pagination.html">Pagination Class</a></li>
    142. 

  142. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/parser.html">Template Parser Class</a></li>
    143. 

  143. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/security.html">Security Class</a></li>
    144. 

  144. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/sessions.html">Session Library</a></li>
    145. 

  145. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/table.html">HTML Table Class</a></li>
    146. 

  146. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/trackback.html">Trackback Class</a></li>
    147. 

  147. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/typography.html">Typography Class</a></li>
    148. 

  148. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/unit_testing.html">Unit Testing Class</a></li>
    149. 

  149. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/uri.html">URI Class</a></li>
    150. 

  150. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/user_agent.html">User Agent Class</a></li>
    151. 

  151. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/xmlrpc.html">XML-RPC and XML-RPC Server Classes</a></li>
    152. 

  152. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/zip.html">Zip Encoding Class</a></li>
    153. 

  153. </ul>
    154. 

  154. </li>
    155. 

  155. </ul>
    156. 

  156. <ul>
    157. 

  157. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="database/index.html">Database Reference</a><ul>
    158. 

  158. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/examples.html">Quick Start: Usage Examples</a></li>
    159. 

  159. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/configuration.html">Database Configuration</a></li>
    160. 

  160. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/connecting.html">Connecting to a Database</a></li>
    161. 

  161. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/queries.html">Running Queries</a></li>
    162. 

  162. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/results.html">Generating Query Results</a></li>
    163. 

  163. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/helpers.html">Query Helper Functions</a></li>
    164. 

  164. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/query_builder.html">Query Builder Class</a></li>
    165. 

  165. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/transactions.html">Transactions</a></li>
    166. 

  166. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/metadata.html">Getting MetaData</a></li>
    167. 

  167. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/call_function.html">Custom Function Calls</a></li>
    168. 

  168. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/caching.html">Query Caching</a></li>
    169. 

  169. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/forge.html">Database Manipulation with Database Forge</a></li>
    170. 

  170. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/utilities.html">Database Utilities Class</a></li>
    171. 

  171. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/db_driver_reference.html">Database Driver Reference</a></li>
    172. 

  172. </ul>
    173. 

  173. </li>
    174. 

  174. </ul>
    175. 

  175. <ul>
    176. 

  176. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/index.html">Helpers</a><ul>
    177. 

  177. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/array_helper.html">Array Helper</a></li>
    178. 

  178. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/captcha_helper.html">CAPTCHA Helper</a></li>
    179. 

  179. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/cookie_helper.html">Cookie Helper</a></li>
    180. 

  180. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/date_helper.html">Date Helper</a></li>
    181. 

  181. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/directory_helper.html">Directory Helper</a></li>
    182. 

  182. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/download_helper.html">Download Helper</a></li>
    183. 

  183. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/email_helper.html">Email Helper</a></li>
    184. 

  184. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/file_helper.html">File Helper</a></li>
    185. 

  185. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/form_helper.html">Form Helper</a></li>
    186. 

  186. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/html_helper.html">HTML Helper</a></li>
    187. 

  187. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/inflector_helper.html">Inflector Helper</a></li>
    188. 

  188. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/language_helper.html">Language Helper</a></li>
    189. 

  189. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/number_helper.html">Number Helper</a></li>
    190. 

  190. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/path_helper.html">Path Helper</a></li>
    191. 

  191. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/security_helper.html">Security Helper</a></li>
    192. 

  192. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/smiley_helper.html">Smiley Helper</a></li>
    193. 

  193. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/string_helper.html">String Helper</a></li>
    194. 

  194. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/text_helper.html">Text Helper</a></li>
    195. 

  195. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/typography_helper.html">Typography Helper</a></li>
    196. 

  196. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/url_helper.html">URL Helper</a></li>
    197. 

  197. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/xml_helper.html">XML Helper</a></li>
    198. 

  198. </ul>
    199. 

  199. </li>
    200. 

  200. </ul>
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  201. 

  202.       </div>
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    204. 

  204.       
    205. 

  205.   </div>
    206. 

  206. </div>
    207. 

  207. <div id="nav2">
    208. 

  208.   <a href="#" id="openToc">
    209. 

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    210. 

  210.   </a>
    211. 

  211. </div>
    212. 

  212. 

  213.   <div class="wy-grid-for-nav">
    214. 

  214. 

  215.     
    216. 

  216.     <nav data-toggle="wy-nav-shift" class="wy-nav-side">
    217. 

  217.       <div class="wy-side-nav-search">
    218. 

  218.         
    219. 

  219.           <a href="#" class="fa fa-home"> CodeIgniter</a>
    220. 

  220.         
    221. 

  221.         
    222. 

  222. <div role="search">
    223. 

  223.   <form id="rtd-search-form" class="wy-form" action="search.html" method="get">
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  224.     <input type="text" name="q" placeholder="Search docs" />
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  225.     <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
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  226.     <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
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  227.   </form>
    228. 

  228. </div>
    229. 

  229.       </div>
    230. 

  230. 

  231.       <div class="wy-menu wy-menu-vertical" data-spy="affix" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation">
    232. 

  232.         
    233. 

  233.           
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  234.           
    235. 

  235.               <ul>
    236. 

  236. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="general/welcome.html">Welcome to CodeIgniter</a><ul class="simple">
    237. 

  237. </ul>
    238. 

  238. </li>
    239. 

  239. </ul>
    240. 

  240. <ul>
    241. 

  241. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="installation/index.html">Installation Instructions</a><ul>
    242. 

  242. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="installation/downloads.html">Downloading CodeIgniter</a></li>
    243. 

  243. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="installation/index.html">Installation Instructions</a></li>
    244. 

  244. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="installation/upgrading.html">Upgrading From a Previous Version</a></li>
    245. 

  245. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="installation/troubleshooting.html">Troubleshooting</a></li>
    246. 

  246. </ul>
    247. 

  247. </li>
    248. 

  248. </ul>
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  249. <ul>
    250. 

  250. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/index.html">CodeIgniter Overview</a><ul>
    251. 

  251. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/getting_started.html">Getting Started</a></li>
    252. 

  252. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/at_a_glance.html">CodeIgniter at a Glance</a></li>
    253. 

  253. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/features.html">Supported Features</a></li>
    254. 

  254. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/appflow.html">Application Flow Chart</a></li>
    255. 

  255. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/mvc.html">Model-View-Controller</a></li>
    256. 

  256. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/goals.html">Architectural Goals</a></li>
    257. 

  257. </ul>
    258. 

  258. </li>
    259. 

  259. </ul>
    260. 

  260. <ul>
    261. 

  261. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial/index.html">Tutorial</a><ul>
    262. 

  262. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial/static_pages.html">Static pages</a></li>
    263. 

  263. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial/news_section.html">News section</a></li>
    264. 

  264. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial/create_news_items.html">Create news items</a></li>
    265. 

  265. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial/conclusion.html">Conclusion</a></li>
    266. 

  266. </ul>
    267. 

  267. </li>
    268. 

  268. </ul>
    269. 

  269. <ul>
    270. 

  270. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="contributing/index.html">Contributing to CodeIgniter</a><ul>
    271. 

  271. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="documentation/index.html">Writing CodeIgniter Documentation</a></li>
    272. 

  272. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="DCO.html">Developer&#8217;s Certificate of Origin 1.1</a></li>
    273. 

  273. </ul>
    274. 

  274. </li>
    275. 

  275. </ul>
    276. 

  276. <ul>
    277. 

  277. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="general/index.html">General Topics</a><ul>
    278. 

  278. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/urls.html">CodeIgniter URLs</a></li>
    279. 

  279. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/controllers.html">Controllers</a></li>
    280. 

  280. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/reserved_names.html">Reserved Names</a></li>
    281. 

  281. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/views.html">Views</a></li>
    282. 

  282. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/models.html">Models</a></li>
    283. 

  283. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/helpers.html">Helpers</a></li>
    284. 

  284. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/libraries.html">Using CodeIgniter Libraries</a></li>
    285. 

  285. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/creating_libraries.html">Creating Libraries</a></li>
    286. 

  286. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/drivers.html">Using CodeIgniter Drivers</a></li>
    287. 

  287. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/creating_drivers.html">Creating Drivers</a></li>
    288. 

  288. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/core_classes.html">Creating Core System Classes</a></li>
    289. 

  289. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/ancillary_classes.html">Creating Ancillary Classes</a></li>
    290. 

  290. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/hooks.html">Hooks - Extending the Framework Core</a></li>
    291. 

  291. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/autoloader.html">Auto-loading Resources</a></li>
    292. 

  292. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/common_functions.html">Common Functions</a></li>
    293. 

  293. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/compatibility_functions.html">Compatibility Functions</a></li>
    294. 

  294. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/routing.html">URI Routing</a></li>
    295. 

  295. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/errors.html">Error Handling</a></li>
    296. 

  296. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/caching.html">Caching</a></li>
    297. 

  297. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/profiling.html">Profiling Your Application</a></li>
    298. 

  298. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/cli.html">Running via the CLI</a></li>
    299. 

  299. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/managing_apps.html">Managing your Applications</a></li>
    300. 

  300. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/environments.html">Handling Multiple Environments</a></li>
    301. 

  301. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/alternative_php.html">Alternate PHP Syntax for View Files</a></li>
    302. 

  302. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/security.html">Security</a></li>
    303. 

  303. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/styleguide.html">PHP Style Guide</a></li>
    304. 

  304. </ul>
    305. 

  305. </li>
    306. 

  306. </ul>
    307. 

  307. <ul>
    308. 

  308. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/index.html">Libraries</a><ul>
    309. 

  309. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/benchmark.html">Benchmarking Class</a></li>
    310. 

  310. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/caching.html">Caching Driver</a></li>
    311. 

  311. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/calendar.html">Calendaring Class</a></li>
    312. 

  312. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/cart.html">Shopping Cart Class</a></li>
    313. 

  313. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/config.html">Config Class</a></li>
    314. 

  314. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/email.html">Email Class</a></li>
    315. 

  315. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/encrypt.html">Encrypt Class</a></li>
    316. 

  316. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/encryption.html">Encryption Library</a></li>
    317. 

  317. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/file_uploading.html">File Uploading Class</a></li>
    318. 

  318. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/form_validation.html">Form Validation</a></li>
    319. 

  319. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/ftp.html">FTP Class</a></li>
    320. 

  320. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/image_lib.html">Image Manipulation Class</a></li>
    321. 

  321. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/input.html">Input Class</a></li>
    322. 

  322. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/javascript.html">Javascript Class</a></li>
    323. 

  323. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/language.html">Language Class</a></li>
    324. 

  324. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/loader.html">Loader Class</a></li>
    325. 

  325. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/migration.html">Migrations Class</a></li>
    326. 

  326. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/output.html">Output Class</a></li>
    327. 

  327. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/pagination.html">Pagination Class</a></li>
    328. 

  328. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/parser.html">Template Parser Class</a></li>
    329. 

  329. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/security.html">Security Class</a></li>
    330. 

  330. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/sessions.html">Session Library</a></li>
    331. 

  331. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/table.html">HTML Table Class</a></li>
    332. 

  332. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/trackback.html">Trackback Class</a></li>
    333. 

  333. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/typography.html">Typography Class</a></li>
    334. 

  334. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/unit_testing.html">Unit Testing Class</a></li>
    335. 

  335. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/uri.html">URI Class</a></li>
    336. 

  336. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/user_agent.html">User Agent Class</a></li>
    337. 

  337. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/xmlrpc.html">XML-RPC and XML-RPC Server Classes</a></li>
    338. 

  338. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/zip.html">Zip Encoding Class</a></li>
    339. 

  339. </ul>
    340. 

  340. </li>
    341. 

  341. </ul>
    342. 

  342. <ul>
    343. 

  343. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="database/index.html">Database Reference</a><ul>
    344. 

  344. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/examples.html">Quick Start: Usage Examples</a></li>
    345. 

  345. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/configuration.html">Database Configuration</a></li>
    346. 

  346. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/connecting.html">Connecting to a Database</a></li>
    347. 

  347. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/queries.html">Running Queries</a></li>
    348. 

  348. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/results.html">Generating Query Results</a></li>
    349. 

  349. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/helpers.html">Query Helper Functions</a></li>
    350. 

  350. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/query_builder.html">Query Builder Class</a></li>
    351. 

  351. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/transactions.html">Transactions</a></li>
    352. 

  352. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/metadata.html">Getting MetaData</a></li>
    353. 

  353. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/call_function.html">Custom Function Calls</a></li>
    354. 

  354. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/caching.html">Query Caching</a></li>
    355. 

  355. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/forge.html">Database Manipulation with Database Forge</a></li>
    356. 

  356. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/utilities.html">Database Utilities Class</a></li>
    357. 

  357. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/db_driver_reference.html">Database Driver Reference</a></li>
    358. 

  358. </ul>
    359. 

  359. </li>
    360. 

  360. </ul>
    361. 

  361. <ul>
    362. 

  362. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/index.html">Helpers</a><ul>
    363. 

  363. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/array_helper.html">Array Helper</a></li>
    364. 

  364. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/captcha_helper.html">CAPTCHA Helper</a></li>
    365. 

  365. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/cookie_helper.html">Cookie Helper</a></li>
    366. 

  366. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/date_helper.html">Date Helper</a></li>
    367. 

  367. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/directory_helper.html">Directory Helper</a></li>
    368. 

  368. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/download_helper.html">Download Helper</a></li>
    369. 

  369. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/email_helper.html">Email Helper</a></li>
    370. 

  370. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/file_helper.html">File Helper</a></li>
    371. 

  371. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/form_helper.html">Form Helper</a></li>
    372. 

  372. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/html_helper.html">HTML Helper</a></li>
    373. 

  373. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/inflector_helper.html">Inflector Helper</a></li>
    374. 

  374. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/language_helper.html">Language Helper</a></li>
    375. 

  375. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/number_helper.html">Number Helper</a></li>
    376. 

  376. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/path_helper.html">Path Helper</a></li>
    377. 

  377. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/security_helper.html">Security Helper</a></li>
    378. 

  378. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/smiley_helper.html">Smiley Helper</a></li>
    379. 

  379. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/string_helper.html">String Helper</a></li>
    380. 

  380. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/text_helper.html">Text Helper</a></li>
    381. 

  381. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/typography_helper.html">Typography Helper</a></li>
    382. 

  382. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/url_helper.html">URL Helper</a></li>
    383. 

  383. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/xml_helper.html">XML Helper</a></li>
    384. 

  384. </ul>
    385. 

  385. </li>
    386. 

  386. </ul>
    387. 

  387. 

  388.           
    389. 

  389.         
    390. 

  390.       </div>
    391. 

  391.       &nbsp;
    392. 

  392.     </nav>
    393. 

  393. 

  394.     <section data-toggle="wy-nav-shift" class="wy-nav-content-wrap">
    395. 

  395. 

  396.       
    397. 

  397.       <nav class="wy-nav-top" role="navigation" aria-label="top navigation">
    398. 

  398.         <i data-toggle="wy-nav-top" class="fa fa-bars"></i>
    399. 

  399.         <a href="#">CodeIgniter</a>
    400. 

  400.       </nav>
    401. 

  401. 

  402. 

  403.       
    404. 

  404.       <div class="wy-nav-content">
    405. 

  405.         <div class="rst-content">
    406. 

  406.           <div role="navigation" aria-label="breadcrumbs navigation">
    407. 

  407.   <ul class="wy-breadcrumbs">
    408. 

  408.     <li><a href="#">Docs</a> &raquo;</li>
    409. 

  409.       
    410. 

  410.     <li>CodeIgniter User Guide</li>
    411. 

  411.     <li class="wy-breadcrumbs-aside">
    412. 

  412.       
    413. 

  413.     </li>
    414. 

  414.     <div style="float:right;margin-left:5px;" id="closeMe">
    415. 

  415.       <img title="Classic Layout" alt="classic layout" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhFAAUAJEAAAAAADMzM////wAAACH5BAUUAAIALAAAAAAUABQAAAImlI+py+0PU5gRBRDM3DxbWoXis42X13USOLauUIqnlsaH/eY6UwAAOw==" />
    416. 

  416.     </div>
    417. 

  417.   </ul>
    418. 

  418.   <hr/>
    419. 

  419. </div>
    420. 

  420.           <div role="main" class="document">
    421. 

  421.             
    422. 

  422.   <div class="section" id="codeigniter-user-guide">
    423. 

  423. <h1>CodeIgniter User Guide<a class="headerlink" href="#codeigniter-user-guide" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
    424. 

  424. <ul class="simple">
    425. 

  425. <li><a class="reference internal" href="license.html"><em>License Agreement</em></a></li>
    426. 

  426. <li><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html"><em>Change Log</em></a></li>
    427. 

  427. </ul>
    428. 

  428. <div class="contents local topic" id="contents">
    429. 

  429. <ul class="simple">
    430. 

  430. <li><a class="reference internal" href="#welcome" id="id1">Welcome</a></li>
    431. 

  431. <li><a class="reference internal" href="#basic-info" id="id2">Basic Info</a></li>
    432. 

  432. <li><a class="reference internal" href="#installation" id="id3">Installation</a></li>
    433. 

  433. <li><a class="reference internal" href="#introduction" id="id4">Introduction</a></li>
    434. 

  434. <li><a class="reference internal" href="#tutorial" id="id5">Tutorial</a></li>
    435. 

  435. <li><a class="reference internal" href="#contributing-to-codeigniter" id="id6">Contributing to CodeIgniter</a></li>
    436. 

  436. <li><a class="reference internal" href="#general-topics" id="id7">General Topics</a></li>
    437. 

  437. <li><a class="reference internal" href="#library-reference" id="id8">Library Reference</a></li>
    438. 

  438. <li><a class="reference internal" href="#database-reference" id="id9">Database Reference</a></li>
    439. 

  439. <li><a class="reference internal" href="#helper-reference" id="id10">Helper Reference</a></li>
    440. 

  440. </ul>
    441. 

  441. </div>
    442. 

  442. <div class="section" id="welcome">
    443. 

  443. <h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id1">Welcome</a><a class="headerlink" href="#welcome" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
    444. 

  444. <div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
    445. 

  445. <ul>
    446. 

  446. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="general/welcome.html">Welcome to CodeIgniter</a><ul class="simple">
    447. 

  447. </ul>
    448. 

  448. </li>
    449. 

  449. </ul>
    450. 

  450. </div>
    451. 

  451. </div>
    452. 

  452. <div class="section" id="basic-info">
    453. 

  453. <h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id2">Basic Info</a><a class="headerlink" href="#basic-info" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
    454. 

  454. <ul class="simple">
    455. 

  455. <li><a class="reference internal" href="general/requirements.html"><em>Server Requirements</em></a></li>
    456. 

  456. <li><a class="reference internal" href="general/credits.html"><em>Credits</em></a></li>
    457. 

  457. </ul>
    458. 

  458. </div>
    459. 

  459. <div class="section" id="installation">
    460. 

  460. <h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3">Installation</a><a class="headerlink" href="#installation" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
    461. 

  461. <div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
    462. 

  462. <ul>
    463. 

  463. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="installation/index.html">Installation Instructions</a><ul>
    464. 

  464. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="installation/downloads.html">Downloading CodeIgniter</a></li>
    465. 

  465. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="installation/index.html">Installation Instructions</a></li>
    466. 

  466. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="installation/upgrading.html">Upgrading From a Previous Version</a></li>
    467. 

  467. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="installation/troubleshooting.html">Troubleshooting</a></li>
    468. 

  468. </ul>
    469. 

  469. </li>
    470. 

  470. </ul>
    471. 

  471. </div>
    472. 

  472. </div>
    473. 

  473. <div class="section" id="introduction">
    474. 

  474. <h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4">Introduction</a><a class="headerlink" href="#introduction" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
    475. 

  475. <div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
    476. 

  476. <ul>
    477. 

  477. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/index.html">CodeIgniter Overview</a><ul>
    478. 

  478. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/getting_started.html">Getting Started</a></li>
    479. 

  479. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/at_a_glance.html">CodeIgniter at a Glance</a><ul class="simple">
    480. 

  480. </ul>
    481. 

  481. </li>
    482. 

  482. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/features.html">Supported Features</a></li>
    483. 

  483. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/appflow.html">Application Flow Chart</a></li>
    484. 

  484. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/mvc.html">Model-View-Controller</a></li>
    485. 

  485. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="overview/goals.html">Architectural Goals</a></li>
    486. 

  486. </ul>
    487. 

  487. </li>
    488. 

  488. </ul>
    489. 

  489. </div>
    490. 

  490. </div>
    491. 

  491. <div class="section" id="tutorial">
    492. 

  492. <h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id5">Tutorial</a><a class="headerlink" href="#tutorial" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
    493. 

  493. <div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
    494. 

  494. <ul>
    495. 

  495. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial/index.html">Tutorial</a><ul>
    496. 

  496. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial/static_pages.html">Static pages</a><ul class="simple">
    497. 

  497. </ul>
    498. 

  498. </li>
    499. 

  499. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial/news_section.html">News section</a><ul class="simple">
    500. 

  500. </ul>
    501. 

  501. </li>
    502. 

  502. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial/create_news_items.html">Create news items</a><ul class="simple">
    503. 

  503. </ul>
    504. 

  504. </li>
    505. 

  505. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial/conclusion.html">Conclusion</a></li>
    506. 

  506. </ul>
    507. 

  507. </li>
    508. 

  508. </ul>
    509. 

  509. </div>
    510. 

  510. </div>
    511. 

  511. <div class="section" id="contributing-to-codeigniter">
    512. 

  512. <h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6">Contributing to CodeIgniter</a><a class="headerlink" href="#contributing-to-codeigniter" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
    513. 

  513. <div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
    514. 

  514. <ul>
    515. 

  515. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="contributing/index.html">Contributing to CodeIgniter</a><ul>
    516. 

  516. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="documentation/index.html">Writing CodeIgniter Documentation</a><ul class="simple">
    517. 

  517. </ul>
    518. 

  518. </li>
    519. 

  519. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="DCO.html">Developer&#8217;s Certificate of Origin 1.1</a></li>
    520. 

  520. </ul>
    521. 

  521. </li>
    522. 

  522. </ul>
    523. 

  523. </div>
    524. 

  524. </div>
    525. 

  525. <div class="section" id="general-topics">
    526. 

  526. <h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id7">General Topics</a><a class="headerlink" href="#general-topics" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
    527. 

  527. <div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
    528. 

  528. <ul>
    529. 

  529. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="general/index.html">General Topics</a><ul>
    530. 

  530. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/urls.html">CodeIgniter URLs</a><ul class="simple">
    531. 

  531. </ul>
    532. 

  532. </li>
    533. 

  533. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/controllers.html">Controllers</a><ul class="simple">
    534. 

  534. </ul>
    535. 

  535. </li>
    536. 

  536. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/reserved_names.html">Reserved Names</a><ul class="simple">
    537. 

  537. </ul>
    538. 

  538. </li>
    539. 

  539. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/views.html">Views</a><ul class="simple">
    540. 

  540. </ul>
    541. 

  541. </li>
    542. 

  542. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/models.html">Models</a><ul class="simple">
    543. 

  543. </ul>
    544. 

  544. </li>
    545. 

  545. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/helpers.html">Helpers</a><ul class="simple">
    546. 

  546. </ul>
    547. 

  547. </li>
    548. 

  548. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/libraries.html">Using CodeIgniter Libraries</a><ul class="simple">
    549. 

  549. </ul>
    550. 

  550. </li>
    551. 

  551. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/creating_libraries.html">Creating Libraries</a><ul class="simple">
    552. 

  552. </ul>
    553. 

  553. </li>
    554. 

  554. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/drivers.html">Using CodeIgniter Drivers</a><ul class="simple">
    555. 

  555. </ul>
    556. 

  556. </li>
    557. 

  557. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/creating_drivers.html">Creating Drivers</a><ul class="simple">
    558. 

  558. </ul>
    559. 

  559. </li>
    560. 

  560. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/core_classes.html">Creating Core System Classes</a><ul class="simple">
    561. 

  561. </ul>
    562. 

  562. </li>
    563. 

  563. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/ancillary_classes.html">Creating Ancillary Classes</a><ul class="simple">
    564. 

  564. </ul>
    565. 

  565. </li>
    566. 

  566. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/hooks.html">Hooks - Extending the Framework Core</a><ul class="simple">
    567. 

  567. </ul>
    568. 

  568. </li>
    569. 

  569. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/autoloader.html">Auto-loading Resources</a></li>
    570. 

  570. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/common_functions.html">Common Functions</a></li>
    571. 

  571. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/compatibility_functions.html">Compatibility Functions</a><ul class="simple">
    572. 

  572. </ul>
    573. 

  573. </li>
    574. 

  574. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/routing.html">URI Routing</a><ul class="simple">
    575. 

  575. </ul>
    576. 

  576. </li>
    577. 

  577. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/errors.html">Error Handling</a></li>
    578. 

  578. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/caching.html">Caching</a><ul class="simple">
    579. 

  579. </ul>
    580. 

  580. </li>
    581. 

  581. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/profiling.html">Profiling Your Application</a><ul class="simple">
    582. 

  582. </ul>
    583. 

  583. </li>
    584. 

  584. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/cli.html">Running via the CLI</a><ul class="simple">
    585. 

  585. </ul>
    586. 

  586. </li>
    587. 

  587. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/managing_apps.html">Managing your Applications</a><ul class="simple">
    588. 

  588. </ul>
    589. 

  589. </li>
    590. 

  590. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/environments.html">Handling Multiple Environments</a><ul class="simple">
    591. 

  591. </ul>
    592. 

  592. </li>
    593. 

  593. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/alternative_php.html">Alternate PHP Syntax for View Files</a><ul class="simple">
    594. 

  594. </ul>
    595. 

  595. </li>
    596. 

  596. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/security.html">Security</a><ul class="simple">
    597. 

  597. </ul>
    598. 

  598. </li>
    599. 

  599. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="general/styleguide.html">PHP Style Guide</a><ul class="simple">
    600. 

  600. </ul>
    601. 

  601. </li>
    602. 

  602. </ul>
    603. 

  603. </li>
    604. 

  604. </ul>
    605. 

  605. </div>
    606. 

  606. </div>
    607. 

  607. <div class="section" id="library-reference">
    608. 

  608. <h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id8">Library Reference</a><a class="headerlink" href="#library-reference" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
    609. 

  609. <div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
    610. 

  610. <ul>
    611. 

  611. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/index.html">Libraries</a><ul>
    612. 

  612. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/benchmark.html">Benchmarking Class</a><ul class="simple">
    613. 

  613. </ul>
    614. 

  614. </li>
    615. 

  615. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/caching.html">Caching Driver</a><ul class="simple">
    616. 

  616. </ul>
    617. 

  617. </li>
    618. 

  618. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/calendar.html">Calendaring Class</a><ul class="simple">
    619. 

  619. </ul>
    620. 

  620. </li>
    621. 

  621. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/cart.html">Shopping Cart Class</a><ul class="simple">
    622. 

  622. </ul>
    623. 

  623. </li>
    624. 

  624. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/config.html">Config Class</a><ul class="simple">
    625. 

  625. </ul>
    626. 

  626. </li>
    627. 

  627. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/email.html">Email Class</a><ul class="simple">
    628. 

  628. </ul>
    629. 

  629. </li>
    630. 

  630. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/encrypt.html">Encrypt Class</a><ul class="simple">
    631. 

  631. </ul>
    632. 

  632. </li>
    633. 

  633. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/encryption.html">Encryption Library</a><ul class="simple">
    634. 

  634. </ul>
    635. 

  635. </li>
    636. 

  636. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/file_uploading.html">File Uploading Class</a><ul class="simple">
    637. 

  637. </ul>
    638. 

  638. </li>
    639. 

  639. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/form_validation.html">Form Validation</a><ul class="simple">
    640. 

  640. </ul>
    641. 

  641. </li>
    642. 

  642. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/ftp.html">FTP Class</a><ul class="simple">
    643. 

  643. </ul>
    644. 

  644. </li>
    645. 

  645. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/image_lib.html">Image Manipulation Class</a><ul class="simple">
    646. 

  646. </ul>
    647. 

  647. </li>
    648. 

  648. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/input.html">Input Class</a><ul class="simple">
    649. 

  649. </ul>
    650. 

  650. </li>
    651. 

  651. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/javascript.html">Javascript Class</a><ul class="simple">
    652. 

  652. </ul>
    653. 

  653. </li>
    654. 

  654. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/language.html">Language Class</a><ul class="simple">
    655. 

  655. </ul>
    656. 

  656. </li>
    657. 

  657. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/loader.html">Loader Class</a><ul class="simple">
    658. 

  658. </ul>
    659. 

  659. </li>
    660. 

  660. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/migration.html">Migrations Class</a><ul class="simple">
    661. 

  661. </ul>
    662. 

  662. </li>
    663. 

  663. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/output.html">Output Class</a><ul class="simple">
    664. 

  664. </ul>
    665. 

  665. </li>
    666. 

  666. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/pagination.html">Pagination Class</a><ul class="simple">
    667. 

  667. </ul>
    668. 

  668. </li>
    669. 

  669. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/parser.html">Template Parser Class</a><ul class="simple">
    670. 

  670. </ul>
    671. 

  671. </li>
    672. 

  672. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/security.html">Security Class</a><ul class="simple">
    673. 

  673. </ul>
    674. 

  674. </li>
    675. 

  675. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/sessions.html">Session Library</a><ul class="simple">
    676. 

  676. </ul>
    677. 

  677. </li>
    678. 

  678. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/table.html">HTML Table Class</a><ul class="simple">
    679. 

  679. </ul>
    680. 

  680. </li>
    681. 

  681. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/trackback.html">Trackback Class</a><ul class="simple">
    682. 

  682. </ul>
    683. 

  683. </li>
    684. 

  684. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/typography.html">Typography Class</a><ul class="simple">
    685. 

  685. </ul>
    686. 

  686. </li>
    687. 

  687. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/unit_testing.html">Unit Testing Class</a><ul class="simple">
    688. 

  688. </ul>
    689. 

  689. </li>
    690. 

  690. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/uri.html">URI Class</a><ul class="simple">
    691. 

  691. </ul>
    692. 

  692. </li>
    693. 

  693. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/user_agent.html">User Agent Class</a><ul class="simple">
    694. 

  694. </ul>
    695. 

  695. </li>
    696. 

  696. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/xmlrpc.html">XML-RPC and XML-RPC Server Classes</a><ul class="simple">
    697. 

  697. </ul>
    698. 

  698. </li>
    699. 

  699. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries/zip.html">Zip Encoding Class</a><ul class="simple">
    700. 

  700. </ul>
    701. 

  701. </li>
    702. 

  702. </ul>
    703. 

  703. </li>
    704. 

  704. </ul>
    705. 

  705. </div>
    706. 

  706. </div>
    707. 

  707. <div class="section" id="database-reference">
    708. 

  708. <h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id9">Database Reference</a><a class="headerlink" href="#database-reference" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
    709. 

  709. <div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
    710. 

  710. <ul>
    711. 

  711. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="database/index.html">Database Reference</a><ul>
    712. 

  712. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/examples.html">Quick Start: Usage Examples</a><ul class="simple">
    713. 

  713. </ul>
    714. 

  714. </li>
    715. 

  715. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/configuration.html">Database Configuration</a><ul class="simple">
    716. 

  716. </ul>
    717. 

  717. </li>
    718. 

  718. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/connecting.html">Connecting to a Database</a><ul class="simple">
    719. 

  719. </ul>
    720. 

  720. </li>
    721. 

  721. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/queries.html">Running Queries</a><ul class="simple">
    722. 

  722. </ul>
    723. 

  723. </li>
    724. 

  724. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/results.html">Generating Query Results</a><ul class="simple">
    725. 

  725. </ul>
    726. 

  726. </li>
    727. 

  727. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/helpers.html">Query Helper Functions</a><ul class="simple">
    728. 

  728. </ul>
    729. 

  729. </li>
    730. 

  730. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/query_builder.html">Query Builder Class</a><ul class="simple">
    731. 

  731. </ul>
    732. 

  732. </li>
    733. 

  733. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/transactions.html">Transactions</a><ul class="simple">
    734. 

  734. </ul>
    735. 

  735. </li>
    736. 

  736. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/metadata.html">Getting MetaData</a><ul class="simple">
    737. 

  737. </ul>
    738. 

  738. </li>
    739. 

  739. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/call_function.html">Custom Function Calls</a><ul class="simple">
    740. 

  740. </ul>
    741. 

  741. </li>
    742. 

  742. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/caching.html">Query Caching</a><ul class="simple">
    743. 

  743. </ul>
    744. 

  744. </li>
    745. 

  745. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/forge.html">Database Manipulation with Database Forge</a><ul class="simple">
    746. 

  746. </ul>
    747. 

  747. </li>
    748. 

  748. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/utilities.html">Database Utilities Class</a><ul class="simple">
    749. 

  749. </ul>
    750. 

  750. </li>
    751. 

  751. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database/db_driver_reference.html">Database Driver Reference</a></li>
    752. 

  752. </ul>
    753. 

  753. </li>
    754. 

  754. </ul>
    755. 

  755. </div>
    756. 

  756. </div>
    757. 

  757. <div class="section" id="helper-reference">
    758. 

  758. <h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id10">Helper Reference</a><a class="headerlink" href="#helper-reference" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
    759. 

  759. <div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
    760. 

  760. <ul>
    761. 

  761. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/index.html">Helpers</a><ul>
    762. 

  762. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/array_helper.html">Array Helper</a><ul class="simple">
    763. 

  763. </ul>
    764. 

  764. </li>
    765. 

  765. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/captcha_helper.html">CAPTCHA Helper</a><ul class="simple">
    766. 

  766. </ul>
    767. 

  767. </li>
    768. 

  768. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/cookie_helper.html">Cookie Helper</a><ul class="simple">
    769. 

  769. </ul>
    770. 

  770. </li>
    771. 

  771. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/date_helper.html">Date Helper</a><ul class="simple">
    772. 

  772. </ul>
    773. 

  773. </li>
    774. 

  774. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/directory_helper.html">Directory Helper</a><ul class="simple">
    775. 

  775. </ul>
    776. 

  776. </li>
    777. 

  777. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/download_helper.html">Download Helper</a><ul class="simple">
    778. 

  778. </ul>
    779. 

  779. </li>
    780. 

  780. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/email_helper.html">Email Helper</a><ul class="simple">
    781. 

  781. </ul>
    782. 

  782. </li>
    783. 

  783. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/file_helper.html">File Helper</a><ul class="simple">
    784. 

  784. </ul>
    785. 

  785. </li>
    786. 

  786. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/form_helper.html">Form Helper</a><ul class="simple">
    787. 

  787. </ul>
    788. 

  788. </li>
    789. 

  789. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/html_helper.html">HTML Helper</a><ul class="simple">
    790. 

  790. </ul>
    791. 

  791. </li>
    792. 

  792. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/inflector_helper.html">Inflector Helper</a><ul class="simple">
    793. 

  793. </ul>
    794. 

  794. </li>
    795. 

  795. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/language_helper.html">Language Helper</a><ul class="simple">
    796. 

  796. </ul>
    797. 

  797. </li>
    798. 

  798. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/number_helper.html">Number Helper</a><ul class="simple">
    799. 

  799. </ul>
    800. 

  800. </li>
    801. 

  801. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/path_helper.html">Path Helper</a><ul class="simple">
    802. 

  802. </ul>
    803. 

  803. </li>
    804. 

  804. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/security_helper.html">Security Helper</a><ul class="simple">
    805. 

  805. </ul>
    806. 

  806. </li>
    807. 

  807. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/smiley_helper.html">Smiley Helper</a><ul class="simple">
    808. 

  808. </ul>
    809. 

  809. </li>
    810. 

  810. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/string_helper.html">String Helper</a><ul class="simple">
    811. 

  811. </ul>
    812. 

  812. </li>
    813. 

  813. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/text_helper.html">Text Helper</a><ul class="simple">
    814. 

  814. </ul>
    815. 

  815. </li>
    816. 

  816. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/typography_helper.html">Typography Helper</a><ul class="simple">
    817. 

  817. </ul>
    818. 

  818. </li>
    819. 

  819. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/url_helper.html">URL Helper</a><ul class="simple">
    820. 

  820. </ul>
    821. 

  821. </li>
    822. 

  822. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers/xml_helper.html">XML Helper</a><ul class="simple">
    823. 

  823. </ul>
    824. 

  824. </li>
    825. 

  825. </ul>
    826. 

  826. </li>
    827. 

  827. </ul>
    828. 

  828. </div>
    829. 

  829. <div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
    830. 

  830. </div>
    831. 

  831. </div>
    832. 

  832. </div>
    833. 

  833. 

  834. 

  835.           </div>
    836. 

  836.           <footer>
    837. 

  837.   
    838. 

  838.     <div class="rst-footer-buttons" role="navigation" aria-label="footer navigation">
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  839.       
    840. 

  840.         <a href="general/welcome.html" class="btn btn-neutral float-right" title="Welcome to CodeIgniter">Next <span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-right"></span></a>
    841. 

  841.       
    842. 

  842.       
    843. 

  843.     </div>
    844. 

  844.   
    845. 

  845. 

  846.   <hr/>
    847. 

  847. 

  848.   <div role="contentinfo">
    849. 

  849.     <p>
    850. 

  850.         &copy; Copyright 2014 - 2017, British Columbia Institute of Technology.
    851. 

  851.       Last updated on Jan 09, 2017.
    852. 

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    853. 

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    857. 

  857. </footer>
    858. 

  858.         </div>
    859. 

  859.       </div>
    860. 

  860. 

  861.     </section>
    862. 

  862. 

  863.   </div>
    864. 

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  886.     <script type="text/javascript" src="_static/js/theme.js"></script>
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    900.