ecu/ecu.preformatted.1

ECU(1)			 USER COMMANDS			   ECU(1)



NAME
     ecu - serial asynchronous and telnet communications program

DESCRIPTION
     ECU (Extended Call	Utility) is a  research	 and  engineering
     communications  program  for  several  flavors of UNIX.  ECU
     provides the classic  terminal  communications  facility  of
     passing  keyboard	data to	a serial line (or a telnet TCP/IP
     connection	if configured) and incoming data to the	 computer
     video  display.  In addition, a rich set of interactive com-
     mands, a procedure	language, a dialing directory, a function
     key mapping feature, and session logging are available.

     The flexible procedure (script) language allows you to auto-
     mate  many	 communications	tasks.	In addition to augmenting
     interactive tasks,	by  using  shell  scripts  and	ECU  pro-
     cedures, ECU can perform batch-style communications sessions
     in	an entirely "unattended" fashion.

     For full information, refer to the	ECU Technical Description
     and  the  ECU  Procedure  Language	manuals	in the ECU source
     distribution.

     This man page describes what you need to get ecu started and
     connected,	and how	to use the interactive commands.


Simple Startup - Initial Setup Menu
     ECU may be	started	in a number of ways through use	 of  com-
     mand line switches, but the easiest is to enter

     ecu

     by	itself.	 In this case, the screen is cleared and the fol-
     lowing screen, called the setup screen , will be presented.

       .--[ ecu	4.07T ]-----------------------------------------------.
       |							      |
       |  Destination	________________________________________      |
       |							      |
       |							      |
       |							      |
       |  tty: /dev/ttys0					      |
       |							      |
       |  duplex: F  baud: 9600	  parity: N (data bits 8)	      |
       |							      |
       |							      |
       |  TAB:next END:proceed ^C: cmd mode ^D:phone dir ESC:quit ecu |
       `- logical phone	directory entry, phone number or empty -------'

     Several choices may be made by navigating the setup  screen.
     When  you	position to a field, helpful text is displayed on



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     the bottom	line of	the form.

     The initial (default) values for some of the fields  may  be
     modified  by  command  line  switches or by the special pro-
     cedure "_rc.ep".  Also, entering a	dialing	 directory  entry
     name  in  the  override  the defaults with	the values in the
     directory entry.  See the	sections  in  the  ECU	Technical
     Description related to dialing and	to the section in the ECU
     Procedure Language	manual titled "_rc.ep".

     Destination

     If	a dialing directory has	been configured, a literal  phone
     number  need not be entered.  You may enter a "logical" name
     matching the name of a directory entry.

     However, on your first invocation,	 you'll	very likely  have
     no	directory.  You	have several options:


     1.	 Enter a literal telephone number, (e.g. 18005551212).
	 Hyphens and open and close parentheses	may also
	 be entered.

     2.	 Press END to enter open the indicated serial port,
	 beginning interactive mode to communicate
	 directly with the attached DCE	(modem).

     3.	 Enter a "period-containing" hostname for a telnet
	 call (if configured for telnet; see
     <hostname>
     below).

     4.	 Press ^D to enter the telephone directory to enter
	 your first directory entry.

     5.	 Press ^C to enter command mode	immediately (with no
	 line attached). This has certain uses,	but probably
	 not for early use.

     6.	 Press ESCape to exit ecu.

     Other Fields

     If	your call is an	async serial,  not  telnet,  call,  other
     fields in the setup form apply.

     The 'tty' field may be used to select an outgoing line other
     than  the	default.   For	important  considerations on line
     choice, see the ECU Technical  Description	 sections  titled
     Choosing a	Dialout	Line and DCDwatch.




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     The 'duplex' field	may be used  to	 select	 a  duplex  value
     other than	the default 'F'	(full).

     The 'baud'	field may be used to  select  a	 bit  rate  value
     other than	the default selected at	Configure time.

     The 'parity' field	may be used  to	 select	 a  parity  value
     other than	the default selected at	Configure time.

     Keyboard Functions

     Special keyboard characters while	filling	 in  the  startup
     screen are:


      Enter	   terminate entry in a	field (or skip to
		   the next field if you do not	modify it)

      ^B	   back	up to previous field

      Cursor Up	   same	as ^B (if the key is available on
		   your	terminal and environment).

      TAB	   move	to next	field ... if nothing typed in
		   the field, do not disturb contents

      Cursor Down  same	as TAB (if the key is available	on
		   your	terminal and environment).

      END	   proceed with	session, dialing remote	if
		   logical directory entry name	or literal
		   telephone number enetered

      ^D	   enter phone directory

      ^C	   enter command mode with no line attached

      ESC	   quit	ecu without starting a session


Command	Line Switches and Arguments
     ECU can be	started	in a number of ways:

     o	with no	switches or arguments
	    select options interactively; manual command to begin
	    connection

     o	with switches (excluding -p) and no arguments
	    override some defaults for options but still enter
	    interactive	option selection; manual command to begin
	    connection




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     o	zero or	more switches (excluding -p) and one argument
	    fully automatic startup to connect to the remote
	    specified by the argument (a telephone number
	    or dialing directory entry)

     o	zero or	more switches, with -p the last	switch
	    fully automatic startup by executing procedure whose
	    name is specified by the first argument; the initial
	    procedure receives the remainder of	the command line
	    arguments

     Usage Summary


     Usage: ecu	[-l <ttyname>] [-b <baud_rate>]	[-eon]
		[-h] [-t] [-P <phonedir>]
		[-F name] [-T <trace-level>] [-z]
		[-p <initial_proc> [-d]	[-D] | <phone_number>
		<logical> | <hostname> ]
     -D	unconditionally	stop execution when -p initial
	procedure is done
     -F	sets an	alternate funckeymap name for the *keyboard*
     -P	choose alternate phone directory (<phonedir> must be
	a full pathname)
     -T	set procedure tracing to level:	0=none,	1=standard,
	2=ECU-debugging
     -b	choose bit rate	(any UNIX rate 110-38400)
     -d	stop execution if -p initial procedure fails
     -e	even parity   -o odd parity   -n no parity
     -h	half duplex ...	default	is full	duplex
     -l	choose line (/dev/<ttyname>)
     -n
     -p	execute	an initial procedure
     -t	append NL to incoming and outgoing CR characters
     -z	if telnet connection, show options traffic
     <phone_number> is either an actual	number or a dialing
	directory entry	name

     If	configured for telnet use, if a	period '.' appears in
     phone number, contact host	by that	name using telnet; a
     trailing period will be removed.

     Switches

     Many switches are used to override	defaults specified at the
     time the Confifgure procedure was used.  Note these defaults
     may also be overriden interactively if the	command	does  not
     specify  automatic	 startup option	(-p or dialing argument).
     Also, the value chosen by a dialing directory  entry  or  an
     initial  procedure	 will  override	 the  Configured  default
     and/or the	value specified	by this	switch.




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     -b	<baud>

     This switch overrides the default bit rate.  Any valid  UNIX
     rate  may	be  chosen.  ECU  chooses the number of	stop bits
     based on the bit rate.  Rates below  300  baud  get  2  stop
     bits.  Rates 300 baud and above get one stop bit.

     -d

     The -d switch instructs ECU to "die" (terminate  with  error
     status)  if  an  initial  procedure (-p) fails.  This switch
     ensures a batch ECU execution will	hang  up  any  connection
     and  terminate  if	 a  procedure  error  occurs. See also -D
     below.

     Absence of	the -d and -D switches causes ecu (upon	any  com-
     pletion  of  the initial procedure) to enter the 1) interac-
     tive mode if a line was successfully attached  by	the  pro-
     cedure or 2) the setup screen if no line was attached.

     -e, -o, -n

     Normally, ECU starts up with data bits and	parity chosen  at
     Configure	time.	The  -e	, -o and -n switches allow you to
     override the default.

     Since combinations	like eight data	bit and	 even  parity  or
     seven  data  bits and no parity are not in	 ECU's capability
     to	use, the parity	selection also	dictates  the  choice  of
     data  bits.  Even or odd parity implies seven data	bits.  No
     parity implies eight data bits.

     -h

     Normally, ECU starts up in	the full duplex	 mode.	 If  half
     duplex is desired,	the -h switch is used.

     -l	ttyspec

     When ECU starts up, it normally chooses a line as	described
     in	 "Choosing  a Dialout Line" in the ECU Technical Descrip-
     tion.  Specifying the -l switch overrides	the  default  tty
     specified	at  Configure time.  Depending upon other command
     line options, this	switch may be nothing more than	a hint.

     For important considerations on line choice,  see	the  sec-
     tions titled "Choosing a Dialout Line" and	"DCDwatch".

     Two styles	of argument to -l allow	 line  selection  by  two
     methods.

     Of	course,	no -l is meaningful for	a telnet destination.



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     The ususal	argument to the	switch is the base  name  of  the
     tty (e.g.,	"tty1a"	or "acu0").

     Note to old users of ECU:	In previous SCO	versions of  ECU,
     since  ttys  were generally all named with	the prefix "tty",
     ECU allowed you to	omit the "tty" (e.g., "1a" or "4g"). This
     is	no longer the case.


     Alternatively, if your platform supports HDB UUCP,	 you  may
     choose  a	line  by UUCP Devices type by specifying the type
     with a leading equals sign.  You must  also  explicitly  set
     the bit rate with -b (unless the default bit rate is accept-
     able).

	 ecu -l=VoiceDial -b2400

     searches the UUCP Devices file for	an entry  whose	 type  is
     ``VoiceDial'' that	accepts	2400 baud.

     -p	<proc>

     The -p switch causes ECU to  execute  the	procedure  <proc>
     ("<proc>.ep") immediately upon startup.  Such a procedure is
     termed the	initial	procedure. It is recommended  that,  when
     used,  -p	be the last switch on the command line.	 All non-
     switch arguments after <proc> are passed as arguments to the
     initial procedure (see the	descriptions of	the integer func-
     tion %argc	and the	string function	%argv  in  the	Procedure
     Manual).

     For example,

	 ecu -p	batchjob remsys	22

     automatically executes the	procedure command equivalent

	 do 'batchjob' 'remsys'	'22'


     The initial procedure may read  command  line  options  with
     functions	like  %line , %baud and	%parity	. It is	also free
     to	override any of	these values it	wishes.	 See the ECU Pro-
     cedure Manual for more information.

     -t

     The -t switch instructs ECU to  map  incoming  and	 outgoing
     carriage  returns	to carriage return/line	feed pairs.  This
     is	helpful	if the remote connection will  be  to  a  display
     terminal  rather  than a computer.	 Use of	the -h switch may
     also be necessary.



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     The interactive commands nlin and nlout  also  control  this
     feature.

     -C

     The -C switch causes the compile-time configuration  of  ECU
     to	be displayed.

     -D

     The -D switch instructs  ECU  to  unconditionally	terminate
     when  an  initial	procedure finishes.  Contrast with the -d
     switch .

     -F	name

     Normally, the TERM	environment variable is	used to	determine
     the  funckeymap  entry  (keyboard configuration) to be used.
     Sometimes,	the TERM variable is not adequate for identifying
     your  keyboard  arrangement.  The -F switch switch, like the
     $ECUFUNCKEY environment variable, allows you to use override
     the  funckeymap  entry  used.  For	more information, see the
     section titled "Function Key Mapping (Recognition)".

     -P	phonedir

     The -P switch causes ECU to begin execution using an  alter-
     nate  phone  directory.   The  default is ~/.ecu/phone.  You
     should specify a full pathname if you anticipate  using  the
     change directory command once ecu starts.

     -T	level

     The -T switch  sets  the  procedure  language  trace  level.
     <level>  is  a  decimal  digit.   0  is  for no tracing (the
     default) and 1 is for tracing.  Values higher than	1 are for
     debugging	ECU  and  have	varying	 effects from revision to
     revision.

     -z

     If	configured for telnet use,  show  in-band  telnet  option
     traffic  on screen.  This is useful for debugging ECU telnet
     connections with a	host. This feature is controlled  by  the
     telopt  interactive  command  once	 ECU is	running	(although
     there is very little telnet traffic after a  connection  has
     "matured").

     Non-Switch	Arguments

     Arguments are optional.   <phone_number>  or  <logical>  may
     appear  when  the	-p  switch  is absent.	One or more <arg>



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     arguments may appear when the  -p	switch	is  used.   These
     arguments are handled as described	by "-p"	above.

     <phone_number>

     This type of argument has a digit as its  initial	character
     and  represents an	actual telephone number	to be passed to	a
     modem dialer program or Dialers chat script.  The string may
     contain  non-numeric  characters if appropriate for a dialer
     program, such as dialTBIT or  dialgT2500  (see  the  gendial
     subdirectory).  For example:

	 ecu -ltty2a -b	19200 -e 5551212C

     uses tty2a	(assumed to be connected to a  Trailblazer  modem
     because  of the dialer-specific telephone number) and estab-
     lishes a 19200 baud, even parity PEP  Compressed  connection
     after dialing 5551212.

     <logical>

     This type of argument has an  alphabetic  initial	character
     and  contains  no period characters. such an argument causes
     the dialing directory entry by that name to be dialed.   The
     line  may be specified by '-l', but if the	dialing	directory
     specifies a line (tty field contains other	than 'Any'),  the
     dialing  directory	 entry	will override it.  The '-b', '-e'
     and '-o' switches are ignored; the	values specified  by  the
     dialing  directory	 entry	are  used.   The  '-t'	and  '-h'
     switches are valid	and honored if present.

     <hostname>

     The following holds true only if ECU supports telnet on your
     system.   If  a  period  ('.')  is	present	in the first non-
     switch command line argument, the argument	is treated  as	a
     hostname.	 An  internet  telnet  connection is attempted to
     <hostname>.

     If	you wish to specify a simple  hostname	(with  no  domain
     part) such	as "localhost",	append a period	to the name (mak-
     ing, for instance "localhost.").  The period will be removed
     by	ECU.

     If	a colon	followed by a number is	appended to the	hostname,
     that  number  will	be used	as the port to contact instead of
     the default telnet	port 23.

     During a telnet session, many async-style parameters  simply
     do	not apply.





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     Examples:
	 ecu watsun.cc.columbia.edu
	 ecu localhost		search directory for 'localhost'
	 ecu localhost.		call my	host's telnet port
	 ecu localhost.:25	call my	host's SMTP port


     <arg>

     This type of argument is passed to	an initial procedure when
     the -p switch is present.


     ecu -p unixlogin user pwd ansi43

     executes unixlogin.ep with	arguments 'user' 'pwd' 'ansi43'

     For more detail, refer to the description of -p , -d and  -D
     .

     Environment Variables

     Prior to starting ECU, it is useful, but not  necessary,  to
     establish two environment variables, ECUPROMPT and	ECUHELP.

     ECUPROMPT

     The ECUPROMPT environment	variable  determines  the  prompt
     printed  by ECU when the interactive command key ("HOME") is
     pressed.  When you	first run ECU, try  setting  it	 to  your
     name, e. g.,

     setenv ECUPROMPT Ralph    if you use csh

     ECUPROMPT=Ralph	       if you use sh, ksh, etc.
     export ECUPROMPT

     Then, when	you see	how it used, you may wish to establish	a
     more permanent choice in your .login or .profile.

     ECUHELP

     Ordinarily, ECU looks for interactive command help	 informa-
     tion  in  "ecuhelp.data" (in the ecu library directory, nor-
     mally /usr/local/lib/ecu).	 The ECUHELP environment  may  be
     set  to  the  complete  pathname  of the ecu help file if an
     alternate file is to be used.

     The help file is explained	 better	 in  the  section  titled
     "Online  Command  Dictionary"  in the ECU Technical Descrip-
     tion..




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     ECUFUNCKEY

     See the description of the	-F command line	 switch	 and  the
     section  titled  "Function	Key Mapping (Recognition)" in the
     ECU Technical Description.


INTERACTIVE COMMANDS
     This section describes each ECU interactive command.

     The next four  sections  list  commands  by  category.   The
     remaining	sections describe each individual command in some
     detail.

     ECU  does	not  require  the  complete  expression	 of  most
     interactive  commands.   For instance: typing attr	is suffi-
     cient for ECU to recognize	the command attrtest.

     The capitalized portion of	the command names appearing below
     represents	 the portion of	the command you	must type for ECU
     to	recognize the command.	(Note you don't	 captitalize  any
     command characters	you type.)

     You also may access this information using	the ECU	 interac-
     tive  help	command	(whose information may be more up-to-date
     than this).

GENERAL	COMMANDS
     ANSIf	ANSI filter state
     AX		ascii char to hex/oct/dec
     ATTRTest	console	attribute test
     BN		all console event alarm
     CD		change current directory
     CONXon	console	software flow control
     DA		decimal	to ascii char
     ETO	ESC/fkey timeout
     EXit	hang up, exit program
     FI		send text file to line
     FKEy	function key definition
     FKMap	redefine function key map
     HElp	invoke help
     KBDTest	test keyboard mapping
     LOFf	turn off session logging
     LOG	session	logging	control
     MKDir	mkdir <dirname>
     OA		octal to ascii char
     PId	display	process	ids
     POpd	pop to previous	directory
     PUshd	push to	new directory
     PWd	print working directory
     REV	ECU revision/make date
     SDName	select screen dump name



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     STat	general	status
     TIme	time of	day
     TD		termcap	variable display
     TTy	console	tty name
     XA		hex to ascii char
     !		execute	shell (tty)
     $		execute	shell (comm line)
     -		execute	program
     ?		get help


COMMUNICATIONS-RELATED COMMANDS
     AYt	send telnet Are	You There?
     BAud	set/display line bit rate
     BReak	send break to remote
     CLrx	clear local transmit XOFF
     DCDwatch	control	DCD disconnect
     Dial	dial remote destination
     DUplex	set/display duplex
     ERTo	expect-respond timeout
     ERVerbose	expect-respond verbosity
     HAngup	hang up	modem
     NL		display	CR/LF mapping
     NLIn	receive	CR/LF mapping
     NLOut	transmit CR/LF mapping
     PARity	set/display line parity
     REDial	redial last number
     RTScts	RTS/CTS	flow control
     SGR	send command/get response
     SGRTO1	set SGr	1st char timeout
     SGRTO2	set SGr	later char timeout
     TELopt	telnet options display state
     TS		termio display
     XOn	line xon/xoff flow control


FILE TRANSFER COMMANDS
     AUTORZ	auto ZMODEM receive state
     RK		receive	via C-Kermit
     RX		receive	via XMODEM/CRC
     RY		receive	via YMODEM Batch
     RZ		receive	via ZMODEM/CRC32
     SK		send via C-Kermit
     SX		send via XMODEM/CRC
     SY		send via YMODEM	Batch
     SZ		send via ZMODEM/CRC32
     XLog	protocol packet	logging

PROCEDURE COMMANDS
     DO		perform	procedure
     PCmd	execute	procedure command
     PLog	control	procedure logging



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     PTrace	control	procedure trace


Detailed Description of	Each Command
     ATTRTest :	console	attribute test

     Usage: attrtest

     This command tests	ECU's console attributes.  You can try it
     if	you like, but it is primarily for testing an ECU port.

     AX	: ascii	char to	hex/oct/dec

     Usage: ax [<param>]

     <param> may be a single ASCII character,  a  standard  ASCII
     identifier	(such as ETX), or a two-character control charac-
     ter identifier (such as ^C, typed as a caret followed  by	a
     C).

     If	no parameter is	supplied, a table of  control  characters
     is	printed	containing decimal, octal, hex,	ASCII identifiers
     and two-character control character identifier.

     XA	: hex to ascii char

     Usage: xa [<hex-val>]

     <hex-val> is a hexadecimal	value between 0	and FF;	the  par-
     ity  (sign) bit is	stripped and the equivalent ASCII charac-
     ter value is displayed.

     If	no parameter is	supplied, a table of  control  characters
     is	printed	containing decimal, octal, hex,	ASCII identifiers
     and two-character control character identifier.

     OA	: octal	to ascii char

     Usage: oa [<octal-val>]

     <octal-val> is a octal value between 0 and	0377; the  parity
     (sign)  bit  is  stripped and the equivalent ASCII	character
     value is displayed.

     If	no parameter is	supplied, a table of  control  characters
     is	printed	containing decimal, octal, hex,	ASCII identifiers
     and two-character control character identifier.

     DA	: decimal to ascii char

     Usage: da [<decimal-val>]




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     <decimal-val> is a	decimal	value between  0  and  0377;  the
     parity (sign) bit is stripped and the equivalent ASCII char-
     acter value is displayed.

     If	no parameter is	supplied, a table of  control  characters
     is	printed	containing decimal, octal, hex,	ASCII identifiers
     and two-character control character identifier.

     ANSIf : ANSI filter state

     Usage: ansif [off | on | ]

     This command displays or controls the state of the	ECU  ANSI
     filter.   If  on,	ECU interprets the incoming bytestream as
     addressing	an  ANSI  terminal;  the  control  sequences  are
     detected  and reissued to the local console per its terminal
     database description.  In addition, a virtual  screen  image
     is	kept by	ECU.

     If	off, the inciming bytestream is	passed	directly  to  the
     local console.  No	virtual	screen image is	kept.

     AUTORZ : auto ZMODEM receive state

     Usage: autorz [ | 1 | 0 | n | y ]

     This command displays or  controls	 the  state  of	 the  ECU
     autorz  switch.  If  on,  an  incoming  ZMODEM preamble will
     automatically start a ZMODEM receive operation.

     AYt : send	telnet Are You There?

     Usage: ayt

     If	your ECU is in telnet connection, this command sends  the
     AYT  (Are	You  There?)  command to the remote host.  If the
     remote is sane (and so disposed), it will reply  with  some-
     thing like	"[Yes]".

     BAud : set/display	line bit rate

     Usage: baud [<bit-rate>]

     <bit-rate>, if specified, must be taken from the values 110,
     300,  600,	1200, 2400, 4800, 9600,	19200 and 38400.  On some
     systems, 19200 and	38400 may not be  supported.   If  a  bit
     rate  less	 than  300 is selected,	2 stop bits are	automati-
     cally specified; other bit	rates set 1 stop bit.	If  <bit-
     rate> is not supplied, the	current	bit rate is displayed.

     The setting may be	automatically changed as the result of	a
     'dial'  command.	See  also the 'dial' and 'parity' command



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     descriptions.

     BN	: all console event alarm

     Usage: bn [ off | on | alert ]
	    bn [ 0 | 1 | 2 ]

     "bell notify": If no parameter is supplied, the current set-
     ting  is displayed.  Specifying 0 or off disables the facil-
     ity; 1 or on causes an audible  alarm  to	be  sounded  upon
     receipt of	a bell (0x07) character	from the remote	system;	2
     or	alert causes an	audible	alarm upon receipt of ANY charac-
     ters.  This command may not be functional in the version for
     your system.

     BReak : send break	to remote

     Usage: break

     This command sends	a "break" signal to  the  remote  system.
     On	 asynchronous  ports  this  is	done  with  a "long space
     disconnect."  On telnet, an  Interrupt  Process  command  is
     sent.

     CD	: change current directory

     Usage: cd [<dir-path>]

     This command allows you to	change the working  directory  of
     the  ECU  process.	  If <dir-path>	is supplied, the previous
     working directory is displayed, and <dir-path> is	made  the
     new  working  directory.	A  history  of previous	directory
     changes is	maintained.  Entering the 'cd' command shows  the
     numbered  history list and	allows you to select a new direc-
     tory by entering the number.  Other commands allow	 deletion
     of	 directories  from  the	 list  or saving the list to file
     ~/.ecu/dir.  This file is automatically read at ECU startup,
     providing	a  convenient  list  of	directories available for
     quick selection.

     CLrx : clear local	transmit XOFF

     Usage: clrx

     The 'clrx'	command	simulates receipt of an	XON by	ECU.   It
     is	useful in the rare circumstances that an XOFF is received
     by	ECU from a remote system and no	later XON is received.

     CONXon : console software flow control

     Usage: conxon [<arg>]
     where  <arg>  is  on     honor  ^S/^Q  local  flow	  control



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ECU(1)			 USER COMMANDS			   ECU(1)



     (DEFAULT)
		    off	  pass ^S/^Q to	remote

     This command enables or disables console xon/xoff flow  con-
     trol.   If	the argument is	omitted, the current flow control
     state is displayed.  If on, typing	^S/^Q stops  or	 restarts
     the  local	 console  driver  output.   If off, ^S and ^Q are
     passed to the remote (for EMACS, of course	-- who else?).

     DCDwatch :	control	DCD disconnect

     Usage: dcdwatch [<dcdwatch-param>]

     This command controls the DCD watcher.  The optional parame-
     ter may be:
	y  yes - enable	DCD watcher
	n  no -	disable	DCD watcher
	t  terminate - terminate ECU on	loss of	DCD
     Entering the command without an argument shows  the  current
     status.

     The DCD watcher when enabled causes ECU to	monitor	 the  DCD
     line  (within the limits imposed by the OS	with its CLOCAL=0
     functionality).  When the watcher is on and DCD  drops,  ECU
     automatically performs the	action of the interactive or pro-
     cedure hangup command.  If	the 't'erminate	option is chosen,
     then  after  hangup  processing is	complete, the ECU program
     will terminate.

     The state of the watcher may be changed by	the  use  of  the
     dial  command  which uses a directory entry that changes the
     DCD watcher status.  See the manual sections on the interac-
     tive commands 'dcdwatch' and 'dial'.

     Dial : dial remote	destination

     Usage: dial [<dial-param>]

     <dial-param> may take one of two forms, a	telephone  number
     to	 dial  or  a  logical name which can be	found in the user
     phone directory (in file ~/.ecu/phone).

     If	a telephone number  is	supplied,  the	phone  number  is
     dialed;  you  must	 first	have set the desired bit rate and
     parity using the 'baud' and 'parity' commands.  If	a logical
     name  is  entered,	 the  phone directory is searched; if the
     entry is found, the bit rate and parity is	automatically set
     and the number dialed.

     If	<dial-param> is	 not  supplied,	 then  a  screen-oriented
     self-documenting directory	manager	is executed; you may scan
     the directory to select a number to dial, as  well	 as  add,



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ECU(1)			 USER COMMANDS			   ECU(1)



     remove and	edit entries.  See also	'baud' and 'parity'.

     DO	: perform procedure

     Usage: do <procname> [<arg> ... ]

     Perform ECU procedure.  Ecu searches  for	<procname>.ep  in
     the  current  directory.  If the file is not found, the pro-
     gram looks	for the	file in	the  ~/.ecu  directory.	  One  or
     more arguments may	be passed to the procedure.

     DUplex : set/display duplex

     Usage: duplex [ Full | Half ]

     This command specifies whether or not ECU is to locally echo
     characters	 typed	by you at the keyboard.	 The overwhelming
     majority of remote	systems	provide	 the  echo  function,  in
     which case	full duplex must be used.  For the rare	occasions
     when the remote system does not echo  your	 keyboard  input,
     setting  half duplex will allow you to see	what you are typ-
     ing.

     When communicating	with  another  terminal	 in  a	"teletype
     conver-  sation", setting half duplex is generally	required.
     In	such cases, use	of the 'nl', 'nlin' and	'nlout'	 commands
     may also be required.

     The default setting for duplex is full.

     ERTo : expect-respond timeout

     Usage: erto [<msec>]

     This command specifies the	default	timeout	period	(in  mil-
     liseconds)	 of  the next "expect" in an ECU-executed expect-
     respond script.  Remember that  ECU  expect-respond  scripts
     can  change  timeouts  on	their own, so this number may not
     "stick." Entering the command with	no arguments displays the
     current  value  (which,  again,  may  not	be  the	value ECU
     started with or the value you last	selected).

     ERVerbose : expect-respond	verbosity

     Usage: erverbose [<true-false>]

     This command  specifies  the  verbosity  level  of	 an  ECU-
     executed  expect-respond  script.	Entering the command with
     no	argument displays the current  status  of  verbosity.  To
     change  the  value,  enter	 an  argument  beginning  with an
     lower-case	'y' or 'n'.




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ECU(1)			 USER COMMANDS			   ECU(1)



     Examples:
	 erv
	 erv y

     ETO : ESC/fkey timeout

     Usage: eto	[msec]

     This experimental	command	 sets  or  displays  the  "escape
     timeout"  for  non-multiscreen  function key detection.  Use
     caution: although the command has a lower limit, you may set
     the value low enough not to be able to use	the HOME key!

     EXit : hang up, exit program

     Usage: exit

     This command terminates ECU promptly.  If	your  modem  does
     not drop carrier upon loss	of Data	Terminal Ready (DTR), you
     must use the 'hangup' command prior to  issuing  the  'exit'
     command.  It is strongly recommended that you configure your
     modem to hang up the phone	line when DTR drops.  A	shorthand
     version of	this command exists: '.' is equivalent to 'exit'.

     FI	: send text file to line

     Usage: fi [<filename>]

     "file insert": This command causes	 file  characters  to  be
     inserted  into  the  transmit data	stream as though they had
     been entered at the keyboard.  If <filename> is not  entered
     on	 the  command  line,  a	 prompt	for the	filename is made.
     Once the filename has been	entered	and file has been opened,
     you are asked whether the file should be transmitted at full
     speed, by "echo pacing" or	by a single line at a time.   You
     may  also	append an 'f', 'e' or 's' argument to the command
     line.  If your remote can tolerate	it, full speed	transmis-
     sion is the fastest.  Pressing the	interrupt key (DEL) stops
     a full speed transmission.	 By specifying echo pacing, it is
     possible  to  increase  the  likelihood  of  proper receipt.
     Pressing  the  interrupt  key  (DEL)  stops  an  echo  paced
     transmission.  As a last resort, if echo pacing is	not work-
     ing for you, (i.e., you are using the command in an environ-
     ment  where  the  remote does not echo your characters), use
     single line at a time  transmission.   You	 must  press  the
     space  key	to initiate sending each line.	Pressing 'ESC' or
     's' stops the transfer.

     FKEy : function key definition

     Usage: fkey [<keyset_name>]




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     This command allows the mapping  of  function  keys  F1-F12,
     PgUp,  PgDn,  End	and Ins	and the	cursor up, down, left and
     right keys	to emit	a desired sequence of characters  when	a
     function  key is pressed.	<keyset_name> specifies	which key
     set in ~/.ecu/keys	 is  to	 be  selected:	Sample	entry  in
     ~/.ecu/keys:

     hayes
	 F1:escape:+ + +
	 F2:autoans:A T	S 0 = 1	cr
	 F3:dial:A T D T
     bbs
	 F1:cancel:^K
	 F2:yes:y cr

     If	a keyset_name matches a	logical	dial directory	name,  it
     is	loaded when the	number is dialed.

     FKMap : redefine function key map

     Usage: fkmap		      display current mapping
	    fkmap <keyname>	      display single key mapping
	    fkmap <keyname> <keylist> modify a key's mapping
	    fkmap -l <name>
	    fkmap -r		      reset to original	mapping
	    fkmap -s <file>	      append current to	file

     This command manages the mechanism	 ECU  uses  to	recognize
     function keys when	they are entered at the	console.  If sup-
     plied, the	first argument to the command must be the  recog-
     nized name	of a function key from the list:

     F1	F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9	F10 F11	F12 Home  End  PgUp  PgDn
     CUP CUL CU5 CUR CUD

     If	only one argument is supplied, the mapping for the speci-
     fied  key	is  displayed.	If more	than one argument is sup-
     plied, the	keyboard mapping is changed.  Arguments	 2-n  are
     character	code  specifiers  in  the format used to define	a
     funckeymap	entry.

     WARNING: If found to be  syntactically  correct,  a  mapping
     change  is	 installed  immediately.  If incorrect mapping of
     the HOME key is requested,	you may	lose control of	ECU.

     For a description of the other options, see the manual.

     HAngup : hang up modem

     Usage: hangup

     This causes DTR to	be momentarily	interrupted,  terminating



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ECU(1)			 USER COMMANDS			   ECU(1)



     any  outstanding  connection.  Your DCE (modem) must be able
     to	drop carrier upon loss of DTR.

     HElp : invoke help

     Usage: help [<cmd-name>]

     Issuing this command with no argument  displays  a	 list  of
     commands  followed	 by  a	request	for a command for further
     information.

     KBDTest : test keyboard mapping

     Usage: kbdtest

     This command runs a keyboard test which asks  you	to  press
     function  keys  (e.g., F1).  For each key pressed,	ECU gives
     you the actual character sequence generated by the	key.   It
     also  tells  you  which function key it recognizes	(if any).
     mapping of	keyboard generated  character  sequences  to  ECU
     internal key codes.  The command is useful	for verifying and
     debugging a "funckeymap" entry.  To exit  the  test  at  any
     time, press the escape key.

     LOFf : turn off session logging

     Usage: loff

     This command is shorthand for 'log	off'.  If session logging
     is	active,	it is turned off.

     LOG : session logging control

     Usage: log	[-s] [-r] [ | off | filename ]
	    -s "scratch" previous file contents; otherwise append
	    -r "raw" logging; otherwise	non-printable characters
	       other than tab and NL are omitted from the log

     This command controls session logging; issuing  the  command
     with  no argument causes the status of session logging to be
     displayed.	 The special argument 'off' causes active logging
     to	 be  terminated.   Other argument values cause logging to
     start using the argument as  a  filename.	 Issuing  a  'log
     filename'	command	when logging is	already	active causes the
     previous file to be closed	and the	new file  to  be  opened.
     Switches are meaningful only when used in conjunction with	a
     filename to start logging.

     MEMstat

     Usage: memstat




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ECU(1)			 USER COMMANDS			   ECU(1)



     Experimental  malloc  display.   -lmalloc	bug  may   report
     erroneous data.

     MKDir : mkdir <dirname>

     Usage: mkdir <dirpath>

     Create a new directory named <dirpath>.

     NIce : change process nice	(0-39)

     Usage: nice [niceval]

     This command sets or displays the process nice  value.   The
     usual rules apply (hint: you might	accidently nice4 yourself
     into not getting enough CPU!)

     NL	: display CR/LF	mapping

     Usage: nl

     Display the current setting  of  CR/LF  mapping.	For  more
     information,   refer  to  the  'nlin'  and	 'nlout'  command
     descriptions.

     NLIn : receive CR/LF mapping

     Usage: nlin [<y-n>]

     This command controls whether or not a newline (NL/LF) char-
     acter  is	sent  to  the  screen  upon receipt of a carriage
     return (CR) from the remote system.  Most	remote	computers
     supply  a NL after	CR.  When communicating	with another ter-
     minal in a	"teletype conversation", this  is  generally  not
     the case (see also	the 'duplex' command).

     Issuing the command without <y-n> causes the current setting
     to	 be  displayed.	  The format of	<y-n> is flexible: 'y' or
     '1' enables appending NL  to  CR,	'n'  or	 '0'  causes  the
     feature to	be disabled.

     NLOut : transmit CR/LF mapping

     Usage: nlout [<y-n>]

     This command controls whether or not a newline (NL/LF) char-
     acter  is	sent  to the remote system upon	transmission of	a
     carriage return (CR) entered by the keyboard.   Most  remote
     computers	do  not	require	(indeed	"dislike") a NL	after CR.
     When communicating	with  another  terminal	 in  a	"teletype
     conversation",  this is generally not the case (see also the
     'duplex' command).



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ECU(1)			 USER COMMANDS			   ECU(1)



     Issuing the command without <y-n> causes the current setting
     to	 be  displayed.	  The format of	<y-n> is flexible: 'y' or
     '1' enables appending NL  to  CR,	'n'  or	 '0'  causes  the
     feature to	be disabled.

     PARity : set/display line parity

     Usage: parity [ None | Even | Odd ]

     This command controls the parity of  characters  transmitted
     by	 the  keyboard.	  Issuing  the	command	with no	parameter
     displays the current setting.  When the  parameter	 is  sup-
     plied,  only  the	first character	is required.  Even or odd
     parity implies seven data bits; no	parity implies eight data
     bits.  Parity of incoming characters is not checked.

     The setting may be	automatically changed as the result of	a
     'dial'  command.	See  also  the	'baud' and 'dial' command
     descriptions.

     PCmd : execute procedure command

     Usage: pcmd <procedure command>

     The 'pcmd'	command	allows a procedure command to  be  issued
     from  the	interactive  command  prompt.	It  is	primarily
     intended for debugging procedure commands,	but it is  avail-
     able  for	any use.  Certain commands are illogical from the
     interactive mode.	Attempting, for	 instance  to  execute	a
     `whilei'  will  result  in	 the  error `not executing a pro-
     cedure.'

     PId : display process ids

     Usage: pid

     This command displays the process id of the ECU  transmitter
     process,  the  ECU	 receiver  process and the process ids of
     ECU's parent and group.

     PLog : control procedure logging

     Usage: plog [<filename> | off | ]

     The 'plog'	command	turns on or off	 procedure  logging.   If
     the argument to the command is 'off', logging is turned off,
     otherwise logging is started on the specified file.   If  no
     argument  is  specified,  the status of procedure logging is
     displayed.

     PUshd : push to new directory




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ECU(1)			 USER COMMANDS			   ECU(1)



     Usage: pushd [ | <dir> ]

     This command either 1) pushes the current directory pathname
     onto a stack and establishes a new	directory or 2)	shows the
     current  stack.   Issuing	the  command  with  no	 argument
     displays the stack.

     PTrace : control procedure	trace

     Usage: ptrace [ 0 | 1 | on	| off]

     This command controls whether or not procedure execution  is
     to	be traced.

     POpd : pop	to previous directory

     Usage: pushd [ | <#> | all	]

     This command pops one, many or all	of the entries off direc-
     tory  stack,  restoring  a	 previous directory.  No argument
     results in	one directory being popped.  A	numeric	 argument
     pops  the stack to	a specified level.  'all' is equal to the
     numeric value 0 (and may be abbreviasted 'a').

     PWd : print working directory

     Usage: pwd

     This command prints the current working directory of the ECU
     process.

     RK	: receive via C-Kermit

     Usage: rk

     This command searches the PATH list for 'ckermit'	(Columbia
     University	 C-Kermit)  and	invokes	it to receive files.  See
     the ECU documentation for modifications necessary to ckermit
     for  ECU  operation.   The	 file ~/.kermrc	must be	set up to
     have  any	desired	 initialization	 parameters  you  desire.
     Refer to C-Kermit documentation for more information.

     REDial : redial last number

     Usage: redial [<retry-count> [<pause-interval>]]

     This command redials a number  previously	dialed	with  the
     'dial' command.  Modem status is tested and multiple retries
     may be made.  <retry-count> specifies how many  retries  are
     to	be made.  <pause-interval> specifies how many seconds the
     program pauses after a failure to connect.	 You must specify
     <retry-count>  in	order  to  specify <pause-interval>.  The



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     default value for <retry-count> is	10. The	 default  <pause-
     interval> is 60.

     You should	know that in some jurisdictions, it is ILLEGAL to
     dial  the same telephone number more than a specified number
     of	times during some interval of time.  In	any case,  speci-
     fying  <pause-interval>  less  than  15  seconds is silently
     changed to	15 seconds.

     REV : ECU revision/make date

     Usage: rev

     This command displays ECU's revision, the date and	time  ECU
     was  made	and the	status of CFG configuration switches used
     to	make ECU.

     RTScts : RTS/CTS flow control

     Usage: rtscts [ off | on |	no | yes | 0..7	]

     This command turns	on or off the driver  RTS  and	CTS  flow
     control  if support is provided by	the OS.	This is	a complex
     subject and you should refer to  the  manual  and	the  UNIX
     oral/net tradition	if you are confused.

     For SCO:
     argument |	RTSFLOW	| CTSFLOW   argument | RTSFLOW |  CTSFLOW
     | CRTSFL
     ---------+---------+---------			---------
     +---------+---------+--------
       off    |	  0	|   0	       0       |    0	   |	0
     |
       on     |	  0	|   1	       1       |    0	   |	1
     |
       no     |	  0	|   0	       2       |    1	   |	0
     |
       yes    |	  0	|   1	       3       |    1	   |	1
     |
				      4	      |	   0	  |	0
     |	  1 Choice 4 only works	on SCO 3.2v4 and ODT 2.0.  As you
     can see, numeric values are masks.	 If the	4 bit is  present
     in	 the  numeric  value,  it overrides the	lower-order bits:
     Specifying	7 as an	argument specifies CRTSFL is to	 be  used
     if	it is supported, otherwise RTSFLOW and CTSFLOW.

     A similar feature is provided under SVR4 and SunOS.  See the
     ECU  manual  and  your system's termio man	page (termios for
     SunOS) for	details.

     RX	: receive via XMODEM/CRC




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ECU(1)			 USER COMMANDS			   ECU(1)



     Usage: rx

     This command invokes a modified version of	Chuck  Forsberg's
     rz	 program  (version 1.31) to receive files from the remote
     system using XMODEM/CRC.

     After entering the	command, you are prompted as  to  whether
     or	 not  file  CR/LF  characters are to be	converted to new-
     lines.  If	you are	transferring text  files  from	a  system
     which contain CR/LF line terminators, you must answer yes to
     this question.   You  should  answer  no  when  transferring
     binary  files, such as executables, .arc files and	the like.
     File transfer progress is presented on a visual display.  To
     abort  the	 transfer,  press your interrupt key (usually DEL
     unless reset with stty(C)).

     RY	: receive via YMODEM Batch

     Usage: ry

     This command invokes a modified version of	Chuck  Forsberg's
     rz	 program  (version 1.31) to receive files from the remote
     system using YMODEM batch with CRC-16 error correction.  The
     YMODEM  is	"true YMODEM", not XMODEM-1k.  File transfer pro-
     gress is presented	 on  a	visual	display.   To  abort  the
     transfer, press your interrupt key	(usually DEL unless reset
     with stty(C)).

     RZ	: receive via ZMODEM/CRC32

     Usage: rz

     This command invokes a modified version of	Chuck  Forsberg's
     rz	 program  (version 1.44) to receive files from the remote
     system  using  ZMODEM/CRC32.   File  transfer  progress   is
     presented on a visual display.  To	abort the transfer, press
     your interrupt key	(usually DEL unless reset with stty(C)).

     SDName : select screen dump name

     Usage: sdname [<filename> | ]

     This command  sets	 or  displays  the  current  screen  dump
     filename.	 Until the command is issued, screen dump data is
     placed in ~/.ecu/screen.dump.

     SGR : send	command/get response

     Usage: sgr	mode cmd

     This experimental command is used to  test	 the  timed  read
     primitive	used  by  ECU.	 The command <cmd> is sent to the



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ECU(1)			 USER COMMANDS			   ECU(1)



     line and a	timed read is performed.  The  data  returned  is
     displayed	 in  hexadecimal  format  on  the  console.   The
     stimulus (cmd) and	 response  is  logged  in  source  module
     ecugrabbag.c  function send_get_response()	for details.  See
     SGRTO1 and	SGRTO2 for additional flexibility

     SGRTO1 : set SGr 1st char timeout

     Usage: sgrto1 <msec>

     Set time to wait for first	character in response to  an  sgr
     stimulus.

     SGRTO2 : set SGr later char timeout

     Usage: sgrto2 <msec>

     Set time to wait for later	characters in response to an  sgr
     stimulus.

     SK	: send via C-Kermit

     Usage: sk [<file-list>]

     This command searches the PATH list for 'ckermit'	(Columbia
     University	C-Kermit) and invokes it to send files.	 The file
     ~/.kermrc must be set up to have any desired  initialization
     parameters	 you  desire.	Refer to the ECU manual	and to C-
     Kermit documentation for more information.

     After entering the	command, you are prompted as  to  whether
     or	not file newline characters are	to be converted	to CR/LF.
     If	you  are  transferring	text  files  to	 a  system  which
     requires CR/LF line terminators, you must answer yes to this
     question.	You should answer  no  when  transferring  binary
     files,  such  as  executables, .arc files and the like.  You
     are prompted to enter a list of files  to	send,  which  may
     contain one or more wildcard specifications.

     STat : general status

     Usage: stat

     This command displays various status  and	statistics  about
     ECU  usage.  Its display varies from system to system and is
     generally self-explanatory.


     SX	: send via XMODEM/CRC

     Usage: sx [<file-name>]




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     This command invokes a modified version of	Chuck  Forsberg's
     sz	 program (version 1.44)	to send	a file to the remote sys-
     tem using XMODEM/CRC.

     After entering the	command, you are prompted as  to  whether
     or	 not  file  CR/LF  characters are to be	converted to new-
     lines.  If	you are	transferring text  files  from	a  system
     which  contain CR/LF line termi- nators, you must answer yes
     to	this question.	You should answer  no  when  transferring
     binary files, such	as executables,	.arc files and the like.

     You are prompted to enter a filename to send.  File transfer
     progress  is  presented  on  a visual display.  To	abort the
     transfer, press your interrupt key	(usually DEL unless reset
     with stty(C)).

     SY	: send via YMODEM Batch

     Usage: sy [<file-list>]

     This command invokes a modified version of	Chuck  Forsberg's
     sz	program	(version 1.44) to send file(s) to the remote sys-
     tem using YMODEM/CRC.

     You are prompted to enter filename(s)  to	send,  which  may
     consist  of  one  or  more	 wildcard  specifications.   File
     transfer progress is presented  on	 a  visual  display.   To
     abort  the	 transfer,  press your interrupt key (usually DEL
     unless reset with stty(C)).

     SZ	: send via ZMODEM/CRC32

     Usage: sz [<file-list>]

     This command invokes a modified version of	Chuck  Forsberg's
     sz	program	(version 1.44) to send file(s) to the remote sys-
     tem using ZMODEM/CRC32.

     You are prompted to enter filename(s)  to	send,  which  may
     consist  of  one  or  more	 wildcard  specifications.   File
     transfer progress is presented  on	 a  visual  display.   To
     abort  the	 transfer,  press your interrupt key (usually DEL
     unless reset with stty(C)).

     Note: if you specify sending only newer files and the remote
     receiver  does not	support	the feature, it	may skip (reject)
     all your  files.	Retry  the  transfer  specifying  'N'  to
     'Transfer only newer files'.

     TD	: termcap variable display

     Usage: td



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     Display the termcap strings that ECU received  from  termcap
     initialization.  Useful  for  debugging screen display prob-
     lems.

     TELopt : telnet options display state

     Usage: telopt [ y | n | ]

     If	configured for it, ECU can make	internet (telnet) connec-
     tions.   When  in	one, telnet options are	exchanged between
     ECU and  the  remote  telnetd.   This  command  controls  or
     displays  whether	or  not	 ECU displays visible evidence of
     such traffic.  By default,	this feature is	turned off.

     There is little traffic once the session begins.	You  most
     likely  wish  to use the -z switch	or use the procedure ver-
     sion of this command in an	_rc.ep file.

     TIme : time of day

     Usage: time

     This command displays the local date and time as well as the
     current UTC.

     TS	: termio display

     Usage: ts

     This experimental	command	 displays  raw	termio	structure
     information  for  the  console and	the tty.  It is	primarily
     used in debugging ECU.

     TTy : console tty name

     Usage: tty

     This command displays the current console tty name.

     XLog : protocol packet logging

     Usage: xlog [y | n]

     This experimental command controls	exhaustive logging by the
     X,	 Y,  and  ZMODEM  file	transfer protocols to files named
     /tmp/szNNNNN.log or /tmp/rzNNNNN.log where	NNNNN is the pro-
     cess id of	the transfer process.

     XOn : line	xon/xoff flow control

     Usage: xon	[<arg>]
     where <arg> is on	  input	and output flow	control



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		    off	  no flow control
		    in	  input	flow control
		    out	  output flow control

     This command enables or disables xon/xoff flow control.   If
     the  argument  is omitted,	the current flow control state is
     displayed.

     ! : execute shell (tty)

     Usage: !
	    !<command>

     The '!' command is	a shell	escape.	 The environment variable
     SHELL  is	read  to  determine what shell program to execute
     (e.g., /bin/sh, etc).  If	'!'  is	 entered  by  itself,  an
     interactive  shell	is started; press ^D to	exit back to ECU.
     If	<command> is supplied, it is executed by the  shell  with
     an	immediate return to ECU.

     Similarly,
       '$' causes the communications line to be	stdin and stdout
	   for the spawned shell
       '-' is similar to '>',  except  the  command  is	 executed
     directly
	   without going through a shell.

     $ : execute shell (comm line)

     Usage: $
	    $<command>

     The '$' command is	a shell	escape causing the communications
     line  to  be the standard input and output.  The environment
     variable SHELL is read to determine what  shell  program  to
     execute  (e.g., /bin/sh, etc).  If	'$' is entered by itself,
     an	interactive shell is started; a	^D received from the com-
     munications  line	causes the shell to terminate and control
     to	be passed back to ECU.	If <command> is	supplied,  it  is
     executed by the shell with	an immediate return to ECU.

     - : execute program

     Usage: -<command>

     The '-' command causes <command>  to  be  executed	 directly
     without  passing  through	a shell	(no wildcard expansion or
     other shell processing occurs).  Standard input, output  and
     error all are opened to the console.  In addition,	all other
     files (including the  communications  line)  opened  by  ECU
     remain open.




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     ? : get help

     Usage: ?

     This is an	alias for the help command.


















































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